Serum Markers in the Diagnosis of Tubal Pregnancy

Abstract

The introduction of highly sensitive methods, such as transvaginal sonography and measurement of serum b-human chorionic gonadotropin, has dramatically improved ectopic pregnancy diagnosis in recent years. Early diagnosis is the key to successful and conservative management of women with ectopic pregnancy; however, approximately 50 percent of such women are initially misdiagnosed, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. In order to improve diagnosis, several serum markers are being investigated including progesterone, CA 125, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, vascular endothelial growth factor, and maternal creatine kinase. Measurement of serum vascular endothelial growth factor, alone or together with other markers, could be a promising method for earlier and more accurate differential diagnosis. However, the clinical applicability of these findings remains to be evaluated in larger prospective studies

Evaluation of Platelet counts and its Indices in Various Clinical Conditions using Automated Hematology Analyzer in a Tertiary care Hospital

“…[3,4,5] That is why; platelet count and its indices are being evaluated in many clinical conditions. MPV is the widely studied parameter in literature.…”

Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy and Variation in Platelet Parameters: A Six Years Study in Rural Population of Central India

“…[16] When the platelets become activated there are some morphological alterations in activated platelets, they become larger and there are formation of pseudopodia as result of which there is alteration in MPV and PDW. [11] According to the duration of pregnancy, the platelet indices can vary.…”

Ruptured cornual ectopic pregnancy: case report

“…10 Cornual ectopic pregnancy makes up about 2-4% of all ectopic pregnancies. [4][5][6] Cornual ectopic pregnancies are more commonly ruptured later in pregnancy compared to other ectopic pregnancies. They cause a massive hemorrhage when ruptured and carry 2-5 times more mortality risk in comparison with other ectopic pregnancies.…”

“…3 This type of ectopic pregnancy is seen in 1/2500-1/5000 of all pregnancies and 2-4% of all ectopic pregnancies. [4][5][6] The interstitial part of the fallopian tube contains more vascularized and muscular tissue. Due to this vascular and connective tissue support and anatomic localization, diagnosis and treatment is usually late and rupture takes place later during pregnancy term and causes massive hemorrhage.…”