Serum Levels of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 in Overweight and Obese Subjects from Central Mexico

Effects of Weight Loss on Glutathione Peroxidase 3 Serum Concentrations and Adipose Tissue Expression in Human Obesity

“…Our data are in contrast to the reported reduced GPX3 plasma activity and concentration in patients with obesity from Korea [5] and the previously shown higher GPX3 serum concentrations in overweight and obese patients from Central Mexico [12, 13]. Given these heterogeneous observations, it is tempting to speculate that ethnic differences between our Caucasian and the previously investigated [5, 12, 13] cohorts from other ethnicities contribute to different associations between circulating GPX3 and obesity. Indeed, GPX3 allele diversity has been shown in Brazilian, Caucasian, African, and Asian populations [31].…”

“…On the other hand, GPX3 protein concentration in the circulation and activity are correlated [5, 32], suggesting that we could extrapolate GPX3 activity from GPX3 serum concentrations. Noteworthy, we and others [5, 12, 13] did not find previously suggested gender differences with ∼17% higher GPX3 serum concentration in women as compared to men [32]. …”

“…Moreover, the GPX3 gene variant rs8177409 has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular risk in a Mexican population [13]. However, alterations of GPX3 serum concentrations found in association with obesity are heterogeneous and range from significantly increased GPX3 serum concentrations in patients with obesity from Central Mexico [12, 13] to markedly decreased plasma GPX3 in a cohort from Korea [5]. …”

“…Indeed, GPX3 serum concentrations and AT expression have been shown to be dysregulated in human obesity and metabolic disorders [5, 12, 13] as well as in animal models of obesity and diabetes [5]. In the context of the Diabetes Genome Anatomy Project, GPX3 has been identified as one of the strongest associated genes for the traits insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, and T2D [14].…”

“…GPX3 acts as a modulator of redox signaling, has immunomodulatory function, catalyzes the detoxification of ROS, and has been identified as a tumor suppressor in different types of cancer [6, 8]. Oxidative stress contributes to AT dysfunction in obesity [10, 11], hence GPX3 may play a crucial role as local defense mechanism, particularly in obesity [5, 12]. …”