Serum immunoglobulins in children perinatally exposed to human immunodeficiency virus

Silva, Marcos T. N. da; Centeville, Maraísa; Tani, Sergio Massayuki; Toro, Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera; Rossi, Claudio; Vilela, Maria Marluce dos Santos

doi:10.2223/jped.208

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Total IgG levels were measured at all time points in order to determine whether detected differences in vaccine-specific IgG were due to nonspecific differences in total IgG (e.g., hypergammaglobulinemia) (31). Equivalent total IgG levels, with age-appropriate physiological hypogammaglobulinemia at 1.5 and 3 months, were observed in HEU and HUU infants (Fig.…”

Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses to Vaccination among South African HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Uninfected Infants during the First 2 Years of Life

Reikie

Naidoo

Ruck

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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e HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants born to HIV-infected mothers from areas in the world with a high burden of infectious disease suffer higher infectious morbidity and mortality than their HIV unexposed uninfected (HUU) peers. Vaccination provides protection from infection. The possibility exists that altered response to vaccination contributes to the higher rate of infection in HEU than in HUU infants. While short-term, cross-sectional studies support this notion, it is unclear whether or not HEU infants develop long-term protective immune responses following the WHO extended program on immunization (EPI).Vaccine-specific antibody responses were compared between HEU and HUU infants from 2 weeks until 2 years of age in a longitudinal South African cohort. Total IgG and antibodies specific for Bordetella pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), tetanus toxoid, hepatitis B virus (HepB), and measles virus were measured at multiple time points throughout the first 2 years of life. Prevaccine antibodies (maternal antibodies passively acquired) specific for tetanus were lower in HEU than in HUU infants, while prevaccine antibodies to HepB were higher in HEU than in HUU infants. Both groups responded similarly to tetanus, Hib, and HepB vaccination. HEU demonstrated stronger pertussis vaccine responses, developing protective titers 1 year earlier than HUU patients, and maintained higher anti-tetanus titers at 24 months of age. Vaccine-induced antibodies to measles virus were similar in both groups at all time points. Our results suggest that the current EPI vaccination program as practiced in South Africa leads to the development of vaccine-specific antibody responses that are equivalent in HEU and HUU infants. However, our data also suggest that a large fraction of both HEU and HUU South African infants have antibody titers for several infectious threats that remain below the level of protection for much of their first 2 years of life.

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Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody Responses to Vaccination among South African HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Uninfected Infants during the First 2 Years of Life

Reikie

Naidoo

Ruck

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia is also observed in HIV-infected children, reflecting nonspecific polyclonal B-cell stimulation. Indeed, approximately 80% of patients with LIP have serum dysproteinemias, most commonly polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia [28,[47][48][49]. The IgG serum levels, lactate dehydrogenase, and titers to viral capsid antigen of EBV may be moderately elevated in children with LIP [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Gene Expression in Interstitial Pneumonitis in Brazilian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children: Is EBV Associated or Not?

et al. 2010

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To gain further knowledge on the subject we evaluated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gene expression and TCD4+, TCD8+, and B lymphocyte counts in lung tissue samples from 20 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children with chronic lung disease. Twenty HIV-1 infected children with chronic pulmonary disease underwent open lung biopsy to define the diagnosis. Histological section of this material was submitted to nonisotopic in situ hybridization (ISH) using EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) 1/2 probes and TCD4+, TCD8+, and CD20+ B-cell counts by immunohistochemistry. The histology of 16 out of the 20 children (median age 53.5 months) proved to be examples of pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia/lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (PLH/LIP) complex, 13 of which were EBER positive, but no significant association was found (Fisher exact test P = 0.439). Four patients had non-LIP diseases (3, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia; 1, diffuse advanced alveolar damage), two being EBER negative. Nineteen children showed a predominant T-CD8+ cell response (CD4+/CD8+ <1) in lung tissue. The mean TCD4+ and theTCD4/TCD8 ratio in lung tissue were significantly higher in the sections with PLH/LIP complex, but without significant difference between EBER positive and EBER negative samples. EBV gene expression was detected in the majority of the lung samples but without significant association with PLH/LIP complex or with TCD4+, TCD8+, B cells and the TCD4+/TCD8+ ratio. Regarding the pattern of lung disease in HIV-1 infected children, associated or not to EBV, the findings are of importance concerning the possible role of EBV in the pathogenesis of PLH/LIP.

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“…Kadar IgM dan IgA lebih tinggi pada pada tahun kedua sampai kelima infeksi HIV, kondisi ini menunjukkan adanya disfungsi regulasi imun sekunder terhadap stimulasi antigenik persisten. 35…”

Section: Hubungan Asupan Seng Dengan Jumlah Cd4+unclassified

Hubungan Asupan Seng, Vitamin A, Dan Stadium Klinis Terhadap Status Gizi Dan Jumlah Cd4+ Pada Anak Terinfeksi Hiv Di Wilayah Kota Dan Kabupaten Semarang

Margareth¹,

Hadisaputro²,

Margawati³

2018

MGMI

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Latar Belakang. Peningkatan jumlah kasus infeksi HIV anak di Indonesia paralel dengan peningkatan persentase transmisi penularan AIDS dari ibu ke anaknya, dari 3 persen (2013) menjadi 4,6 persen (2015). Salah satu tujuan pemberian terapi antiretroviral (ARV) pada kasus HIV anak adalah untuk meningkatkan jumlah sel T-CD4+. Semakin berat stadium klinisnya akan menurunkan kadar CD4+. Pemberian suplementasi zat gizi mikro dapat meningkatkan status gizi penderita HIV anak yang menjalani pengobatan ARV. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan asupan seng, vitamin A, dan stadium klinis infeksi HIV terhadap status gizi dan jumlah CD4+ pada kasus HIV anak di Kota dan Kabupaten Semarang. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah anak yang menderita HIV berumur 1-14 tahun sebanyak 31 subjek. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data tinggi badan (TB), berat badan (BB), asupan zat gizi yang diperoleh dengan metode food recall 2x24 jam. Jumlah CD4+ diukur melalui pemeriksaan darah subjek. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik untuk menghitung Prevalence Rasio (PR). Hasil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa asupan seng memberikan risiko bermakna terhadap kejadian berat badan rendah (PR=3,020; p=0,029; CI=1,043-8,739). Asupan vitamin A memberikan risiko bermakna terhadap rendahnya kadar CD4+ (PR=3,036; p=0,021; CI=1,211-7,608 dan PR=2,8; p=0,018; CI=1,331-5,891). Stadium klinis tingkat sedang memberikan risiko bermakna terhadap rendahnya kadar CD4+ rendah (PR=8,211; p = 0,004; CI=1,227-54,962). Probabilitas jumlah CD4+ rendah ketika penderita pada stadium klinis infeksi HIV berat sebesar 14,3 persen. Kesimpulan. Stadium klinis sedang-berat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya penurunan jumlah CD4+ di dalam sel-T (<500sel/mm3).

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Serum immunoglobulins in children perinatally exposed to human immunodeficiency virus

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Antibody Responses to Vaccination among South African HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Uninfected Infants during the First 2 Years of Life

Antibody Responses to Vaccination among South African HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Uninfected Infants during the First 2 Years of Life

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Gene Expression in Interstitial Pneumonitis in Brazilian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children: Is EBV Associated or Not?

Hubungan Asupan Seng, Vitamin A, Dan Stadium Klinis Terhadap Status Gizi Dan Jumlah Cd4+ Pada Anak Terinfeksi Hiv Di Wilayah Kota Dan Kabupaten Semarang

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