Serum IgD concentrations in children with atopic diseases

The ontogeny of serum IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD in 312 members of a southern United States population was studied. Circulating IgD was found in all adolescents and in 97% of the adults tested. IgD levels increased until adult life. Females had statistically significantly higher levels of IgD than did the males of their respective age groups. The children investigated showed an accelerated development of adult levels of all immunoglobulins, particularly IgG, IgM and IgD. These departures from previously reported norms emphasize the importance of regional variability and demonstrate the necessity for characterizing local patterns of humoral immunologic development. Our total lack of knowledge concerning the biological function of IgD could be corrected if more laboratories would measure IgD as part of their routine immunoglobulin screening programs.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…This population is unique in its high mean level of IgD, as well as in its high proportion of individuals with detectable IgD. The study of Brasher et al [4] is the only one to our knowledge in which IgD was detected in 100% of the sampled group. The IgD levels in our studies increased into adult life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Structure and Biological Functions of Human IgD

Kermani-Arab¹,

Roberts²,

Leslie³

1975

“…Comparable values have been reported recently in children [8] although only scanty information is available on absolute levels of secre tory IgA in the saliva of healthy or diseased subjects [9]. Our results in dicate measurable salivary secretory IgA, with similar levels found in two normal subjects and patients with SS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Salivary Immunoglobulins in Sjögren's Syndrome

Bluestone¹,

Gumpel²,

Goldberg³

et al. 1972

Using a new electro-immunodiffusion assay, serum and salivary immunoglobulin levels were measured in patients with SjÖgren’s syndrome (SS) and in normal control subjects. Salivary IgG levels were generally higher in the patients (mean 17.3 mg%, SEM 1.7) compared to normals (mean 12.1 mg%, SEM 1.3), the higher values usually correlating with elevated serum IgG levels. Salivary IgA levels were similar in both groups – a mean of 10.3 mg%, SEM 2.5 in normals and 8.9 mg%, SEM 2.0 in the patients. In the latter group much of the salivary IgA was secretory IgA; absolute levels of secretory IgA ranged from 2.5 to 6.4 mg% (mean 4.4). No measurable levels of IgM were detected in the salivas of patients or normal subjects, although IgM was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in labial gland biopsies from two patients. Four patients had serum anti-salivary duct antibodies, but none had this autoantibody in their saliva. Thus, patients with SS retain competence of the salivary immune system even in the advanced stages of their disease.

“…Kohler and Farr [13] reported elevated IgD levels in atopic patients compared with nonatopic individuals, and Berc, and Johansson [4] reported elevated serum IgD levels in children with allergic diseases. In contrast Johannson [12] reported IgD to be lower in adults with asthma than in normal adults, and Brasher et al [5] observed no statistical difference in serum IgD levels between atopic chil dren and nonatopic children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Structure and Biological Functions of Human IgD

1976

Serum IgD levels were quantified in a large population of individuals with a variety of atopic and/or pulmonary disorders. As a group, patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) have markedly elevated (5.03 mg%) serum IgD when compared with serum IgD levels from either normal individuals (2.17 mg%) or patients with a variety of pulmonary and/or atopic disorders. Evidence is presented suggesting that the increased serum IgD levels in ABPA patients are not necessarily related to a hyper-IgE or panhyperimmunoglobulinemia common to most of all these patients, but is rather associated with an additional quantitative difference in the immunological responsiveness of some of these individuals. An understanding of why these patients produce supranormal levels of IgD may reveal the basis for inducing an IgD antibody response and subsequently help in elucidating the biological function(s) of IgD.