Serum Cytokines in Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases

Shaarawy, Mohamed; Darwish, Nabil A.

doi:10.3109/02841869509093953

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Gestational trophoblastic tumors are unique immunologically and biologically, because they express paternal antigens. Lee et al (5) and Shaarawy and Darwish (6) could not differentiate molar pregnancy and choriocarcinoma on the basis of serum hCGb levels. The malignant potential of GTD is best evaluated by the human chorionic gonadotrophin β subunit (hCGb) regression curve together with the clinical evaluation of the patient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Angiogenin and Gestational Trophoblastic Tumors, a Promising Prognostic Marker

Shaarawy¹,

El-Mallah²,

Sheiba³

2003

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum angiogenin concentration in cases with gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs). Seventy-two patients with GTDs and 20 first trimester healthy pregnant women (controls) participated in this study. According to the WHO scoring system, GTDs were subgrouped into 24 hydatiform mole spontaneous regression (HMSR), 18 postmolar gestational trophoblastic tumors of high risk (PMHR), 16 low-risk choriocarcinoma, and 14 high-risk choriocarcinoma. Before treatment, a blood sample from each case was assayed for human chorionic gonadotrophin , subunit (hCGb) by radioimmunoassay and angiogenin by enzyme immunoassay. Follow-up hCGb and angiogenin assays were carried out for 1 year after treatment. Pretreatment of abnormal values of serum angiogenin (> 711 ng/ml, upper 95% confidence interval of controls) was encountered in 100% of PMHR cases compared to no single case of HMSR. Serum angiogenin levels in low- and high-risk cases with choriocarcinoma were significantly higher than in controls. Abnormal high values were encountered in 25% and 86% of cases, respectively. None of the low-risk cases exceeded 920 ng/ml, while 72% of high-risk cases exceeded this value. Serial angiogenin assays were correlated with disease progression and were positively correlated with serum hCGb (r = 0.75, p < 0.01). In conclusion, serum angiogenin may be a valuable marker of differential diagnosis of GTDs and its serial measurements are suggestive of remission and effective therapeutic intervention or disease progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Angiogenin and Gestational Trophoblastic Tumors, a Promising Prognostic Marker

Shaarawy¹,

El-Mallah²,

Sheiba³

2003

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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“…Macrophage-derived cytokines have also been implicated in trophoblastic diseases. For example, circulating levels of interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are elevated in choriocarcinomas (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crucial cross-talk of interleukin-1β and progesterone in human choriocarcinoma

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant epithelial tumour that is most often associated with hydatidiform mole and presents the most common emergency medical problem in the management of trophoblast disease. We hypothesise that the hormones/cytokines present within the tumour microenvironment play key roles in the development of choriocarcinoma. In this study we assessed the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on cell death in the presence or absence of the sex hormone progesterone using two choriocarcinoma cell lines (BeWo and JEG-3) as in vitro experimental models. Although IL-1β induced cell death in both cell lines, the effect was more pronounced in JEG-3 cells, where cell death reached 40% compared to 15% in BeWo cells. Cell death of JEG-3 cells in response to IL-1β was significantly decreased by co-treatment with 100 nM and 1000 nM progesterone and completely abolished at a progesterone concentration of 1000 nM. Progesterone was also able to induce phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in these cells. Pretreatment of JEG-3 cells with a specific MAPK inhibitor (UO126) inhibited progesterone's inhibitory effect on cell death. Collectively, these data provide evidence of cross-talk between progesterone and IL-1β in this aggressive and poorly understood tumour that involves activation of a MAPK pathway and involvement of numerous progesterone receptors. IntroductionGestational trophoblastic tumors are a group of diseases in which cancer (malignant) cells grow in the tissues that are formed following conception. They span from a benign hydatidiform mole, through an invasive mole to a highly malignant form of choriocarcinoma. Choriocarcinoma is malignant (both histologically and clinically) and is one of the most frequent emergency medical issues in the management disease of trophoblastic origin. The clinical symptoms vary, ranging from bleeding when the disease is localized in the uterus to a diverse repertoire of symptoms from metastases with the central nervous system, lungs, and liver the most frequent sites of secondary tumour formation. Therefore, choriocarcinomas present certain diagnostic challenges (1).Gestational choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant epithelial tumour that is most often associated with hydatidiform mole. On the occasions that pathology is available the characteristic findings exhibit the structure of the villous trophoblast but with sheets of syncytiotrophoblast or cytotrophoblast cells, haemorrhage, necrosis and intravascular growth are also common. A number of studies have shown involvement of certain tumourassociated genes in choriocarcinoma (1). For example, p53 oncoprotein immunoreactivity was significantly stronger in choriocarcinoma than in normal placenta (2). Studies from the same group revealed that c-myc, c-erbB-2, c-fms and bcl-2 oncoproteins may be important in the pathogenesis of complete mole and choriocarcinoma since they appear to be overexpressed in this aggressive tumour (3). The cellular mdm2 gene, which has a potential transforming activity that can be activated by over...

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“…Molar pregnancies have significant elevations of serum IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a [29]. Another study reported that serum granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor levels were elevated in that group [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It has been demonstrated that gestational trophoblastic disease is also associated with increased inflammation [28][29][30]. Molar pregnancies have significant elevations of serum IL-1b, IL-6, and TNF-a [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%