Serum concentrations of antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 in patients with bacterial lung infections

Majewski, Karol; Kozłowska, Elżbieta; Żelechowska, Paulina; Brzezińska‐Błaszczyk, Ewa

doi:10.5114/ceji.2018.81355

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…CAMP is an antimicrobial peptide that has both pro-and anti-inflammatory effects and direct bactericidal activity, as well as anti-viral and anti-fungal properties [57]. Serum levels are increased during both bacterial and viral infections [58,59], and in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis [60]. The increase observed in our cohort is consistent with inflammation caused either by infection or autoimmunity.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 81%

Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS

et al. 2020

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is an unexplained chronic, debilitating illness characterized by fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance and gastrointestinal problems. Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), we analyzed the plasma proteomes of 39 ME/CFS patients and 41 healthy controls. Logistic regression models, with both linear and quadratic terms of the protein levels as independent variables, revealed a significant association between ME/CFS and the immunoglobulin heavy variable (IGHV) region 3-23/ 30. Stratifying the ME/CFS group based on self-reported irritable bowel syndrome (sr-IBS) status revealed a significant quadratic effect of immunoglobulin lambda constant region 7 on its association with ME/CFS with sr-IBS whilst IGHV3-23/30 and immunoglobulin kappa variable region 3-11 were significantly associated with ME/CFS without sr-IBS. In addition, we were able to predict ME/CFS status with a high degree of accuracy (AUC = 0.774-0.838) using a panel of proteins selected by 3 different machine learning algorithms: Lasso, Random Forests, and XGBoost. These algorithms also identified proteomic profiles that predicted the status of ME/CFS patients with sr-IBS (AUC = 0.806-0.846) and ME/CFS without sr-IBS (AUC = 0.754-0.780). Our findings are consistent with a significant association of ME/CFS with immune dysregulation and highlight the potential use of the plasma proteome as a source of biomarkers for disease.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 81%

Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS

et al. 2020

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“…Our data indicated that less breastfeeding, less vitamin D supplementation, and less sunshine exposure might be the causes of vitamin D deficiency. Clinical studies verified that the AMP LL-37 has antibacterial activity and is significantly elevated in many infectious conditions, including bacterial pneumonia [16] and urinary tract infections [17]. LL-37 also has been found to have a variety of other biological activities, such as pro-inflammatory and pro-chemotaxis activities, proapoptosis, pro-proliferation, and repair of cellular damage [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Increased serum antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and HBD-2 combined with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency in infants with pertussis

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2020

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Most children with serious infection diseases suffer from malnutrition. Vitamin D participates in the immune response through endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) regulation. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], AMPs [LL-37 and human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2)] in the children with pertussis. Methodology: Serum levels of 25(OH)D3, LL-37, and HBD-2 were detected in 116 children with pertussis aged at 1–12 months (67 males and 49 females). Fifty healthy infants at similar age were employed as normal controls. Results: The serum 25(OH)D3 levels in the children with mild (27.30 ± 5.98 ng/ml) and severe (24.40 ± 6.27 ng/ml) pertussis were significantly lower than that in the healthy group (30.16 ± 5.13 ng/ml; p <0.01). The vitamin D deficiency rates in children with mild (55.9%) and severe (78.12%) pertussis were significantly higher than that in the control group (34%; p < 0.01). The serum levels of LL-37 and HBD-2 were significantly higher in pertussis patients. Spearman rank correlation analysis did not show any correlation of 25-(OH)D3 with LL-37 or HBD-2. Conclusions: Most children with pertussis had vitamin D deficiency accompanied by elevated serum LL-37 and HBD-2 levels. However, the average level of 25(OH)D3 at 26.50 ng/ml in the infants with pertussis may not affect the immuno-regulatory ability; thus, the infants with pertussis still maintained a higher level of AMPs (LL-37 and HBD-2) against pertussis infection.

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“…In recent years, LL-37 has been shown to be immensely important due to its multi-functional role in the primary defense against invasion by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. As an antimicrobial agent, high concentrations of LL-37 at inflammatory sites confer protection against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria [ 15 , 16 ]. LL-37 also functions as a chemokine [ 17 ], by modulating or stimulating immune cells [ 18 ].…”

Section: Structure Of Ll-37mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cathelicidin LL-37: A new important molecule in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus

Moreno-Angarita

Aragón

Tobón

2020

Journal of Translational Autoimmunity

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Cathelicidin LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide that is synthesized by epithelial cells, neutrophils, or lymphocytes and act as an essential defense mechanism against bacterial, viral, or fungi infection of eukaryotic organisms. However, in recent years, this cathelicidin has gained the interest of the scientific community because, besides its antimicrobial properties, LL-37 is an immunomodulator that can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. The other non-antimicrobial function of this cathelicidin is its ability to form complexes with the DNA, stimulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to produce type I IFN, deciding the course of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The chronic activation of pDCs by surrounding complexes is a crucial factor for the early development of autoimmunity in SLE patients. This stimulation is given by the complexes (LL-37-DNA/anti-DNA) recognized by the receptor FcγRII on pDCs, allowing its endocytosis and its recognition via TLR9, leading to the activation of pDCs and enhanced type I IFN production. In this article, we reviewed the structure, function, and importance of LL-37 in innate immunity, as well as its biological plausibility in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases such as SLE. In this narrative review, we included primary journal articles describing the function, structure, prevalence, and importance of LL-37 in various manifestations of SLE, as well as LL-37 and anti-LL37 antibodies in patients with SLE or other autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, LL-37 is an essential molecule in the pathophysiology of SLE, mainly by its role in increasing the production of IFN by pDCs, which postulates it as a crucial molecule in the pathophysiology of SLE and, given plausibility biology, could serve as a biomarker of the disease.

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Serum concentrations of antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 in patients with bacterial lung infections

Cited by 25 publications

References 39 publications

Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS

Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS

Increased serum antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and HBD-2 combined with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 deficiency in infants with pertussis

Cathelicidin LL-37: A new important molecule in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus

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