Serum and Liver Tissue Bio-Element Levels, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity: Protective Effects of Royal Jelly

Abstract

The liver is a vital organ, and its function is generally impaired by chemicals. Some natural compounds have a protective role against liver diseases such as royal jelly (RJ). To our knowledge, there are no data available on the effect of RJ therapy on the levels of bio-element metabolisms and antioxidant enzyme activities in the carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver damage. Therefore, in the present study, we have investigated the role of RJ therapy in the trace and major elements and antioxidant enzymes in CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Antioxidant enzyme activities decreased in the CCl(4)-treated group more than they did in the sham and RJ-administered groups. Many bio-element levels were also reduced in only the CCl(4)-treated group. This showed that the depletion of trace elements was related to erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities. RJ administration clearly increased the trace and major element levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in RJ groups. RJ may be used as functional foods because of their naturally high antioxidant potential and rich element content.

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of grapevine leaves extracts (Vitis labrusca) in liver of Wistar rats

“…Through these results, we can attribute to the grapevine leaves extracts of V. labrusca, both organic and conventional, an important participation in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress, in particular relating to the liver. Furthermore, it is important to highlight that, synthetic drugs used in the treatment of liver diseases are often insuffi cient and may cause severe adverse effects (Cemek et al 2012). The use of natural compounds and food supplements as an alternative to prevent and/or treat liver diseases seems to be a great option and can be confi rmed through further studies.…”

“…Among the models of the liver damage, CCl 4 is a model of intoxication, widely used because it is able to induce oxidative stress and liver injury in experimental animals (Cemek et al 2012), increasing lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in the liver, resulting in damage generalized to the membrane (Ozturk et al 2003). Thus, it is believed that liver injury CCl 4 -induced can be reduced by an antioxidant (Fujisawa et al 2012).…”

Effect of royal jelly ingestion for six months on healthy volunteers

“…In contrast, the changes of log E2 and log E2/T ratios were not different, indicating that RJ may have no action on aromatase in human beings. The enhanced 3β-HSD2 and/or 17β-HSD3 activity may result from high antioxidant enzyme activities of RJ [26]. …”

Antioxidant Properties of Proanthocyanidins Attenuate Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)–Induced Steatosis and Liver Injury in Rats via CYP2E1 Regulation

“…Characteristically, CCl 4 downregulates antioxidative stress mediators because cellular stores are depleted after combatting oxidative stress to stabilize the liver. 15 Indeed, CCl 4 treatment significantly increased MDA, a reactive species generated by lipid peroxidation, and significantly decreased the antioxidation enzymes SOD, GSH, GPX, and CAT in the liver as compared to the control (Table 1). Compared with the corresponding levels in CCl 4 -treated rats experiencing steatosis, proanthocyanidin treatment significantly decreased MDA and increased SOD, GSH, GPX, and CAT levels in CCl 4 -treated rats.…”