Serum acute phase response induced by different vaccination protocols against circovirus type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in piglets

Caravaca, Iván Hernández; Gourgues, Sebastian Figueras; Rodríguez, Vivian M.; Estrada, Edgar Diaz; Cerón, José J.; Escribano, Damián

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.03.006

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We observed higher overall values of APP in conventional Large White × Duroc pigs in comparison to Iberian pigs who may show a better protection against environmental stressors in Iberian pigs, in concordance to previous studies in which high-producing pigs showed a higher amplitude of inflammatory responses as compared to rustic animals (33). Our results could be considered contradictory to those reported recently in which high serum levels of Hp were reported in Iberian piglets in comparison to conventional crossbred piglets (39). However, the higher Hp values observed in those Iberian piglets could be a response to any environmental stressor or subclinical infection as mentioned by the authors in the report.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Porcine Breed, Sex, and Production Stage Influence the Levels of Health Status Biomarkers in Saliva Samples

Sánchez¹,

García

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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In this study, the influence of several factors such as breed, sex, and production stage over the normal range values of salivary biomarkers of health status was evaluated in pigs. A total of 409 pigs of 2 different breeds (conventional Large White × Duroc and Iberian pigs) were included in the study. Animals were divided into different groups according to their sex (male or female) and the stage of the production cycle they were in (post-weaning, nursery, fattening, and finishing). The levels of an inflammatory marker, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and two acute phase proteins, C-reactive protein (CRP) and haptoglobin (Hp) were measured in saliva samples. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity level (TAC) was quantified for the first time in porcine saliva; therefore, an analytical validation and stability analysis during storage at −80°C were also performed. Differences according to breed were observed for all the markers studied; thus, the influence of age and sex on the normal range values were studied separately for conventional and Iberian pigs. In Large White × Duroc pigs the overall median values of ADA, CRP, Hp and TAC were 282 U/L, 10.49 ng/mL, 0.88 μg/mL, and 21.73 μM Trolox equivalents, respectively. However, higher values of inflammatory marker and acute phase proteins were observed in males at the initial stages of the production cycle, while females presented higher values when they had reached sexual maturity. In Iberian pigs the overall median values observed were 585 U/L, 4.81 ng/mL, 0.63 μg/mL, and 21.21 μM Trolox equivalents for ADA, CRP, Hp, and TAC respectively with slight differences in the influence of the studied factors. Sex differences were not observed in the levels of acute phase proteins in Iberian pigs, probably due to the castration of males during the first days of life; however, ADA levels were found to be higher in male pigs at the end of the production cycle. It could be concluded that breed, sex, and production stage influence the range values of salivary markers of health status in pigs and should be taken into account to further establish reference intervals.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Porcine Breed, Sex, and Production Stage Influence the Levels of Health Status Biomarkers in Saliva Samples

Sánchez¹,

García

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Hp and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured in serum using an automated biochemistry analyzer (Olympus AU600 Automatic Chemistry Analyzer, Olympus Europe GmbH, Germany) with commercial quantitative turbidimetric tests produced by SPINREACT, S.A.U (Spain) and Beckman Coulter® (California, USA), respectively. Assays for Hp and CRP were performed as reported before [ 32 ]. The APP assays all had intra-run and inter-run coefficients of variation < 10%, and the limits of detection were 10 mg/L for Hp, 0.6 mg/L for CRP and 3.06 mg/L for SAA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory markers before and after farrowing in healthy sows and in sows affected with postpartum dysgalactia syndrome

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe pathogenesis of postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) in sows is not fully elucidated and affected sows often present vague clinical signs. Accurate and timely diagnosis is difficult, and PDS is often recognized with a delay once piglets begin to starve. Increased rectal temperature of the sow is an important diagnostic parameter, but it may also be influenced by a number of other parameters and is thus difficult to interpret. Inflammatory markers may be important adjuncts to the clinical assessment of sows with PDS, but such markers have only been studied to a limited extent. The objective was to characterize the inflammatory response in healthy sows and in sows suffering from PDS, and to identify biomarkers that may assist in early identification of PDS-affected sows.ResultsThirty-eight PDS-affected (PDS+) and 38 healthy (PDS-) sows underwent clinical examination and blood sampling every 24 h, from 60 h before the first piglet was born to 36 h after parturition. In both groups, inflammatory markers changed in relation to parturition. Most inflammatory markers changed 12-36 h after parturition [white blood cell counts (WBC), neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), iron (Fe) and albumin (ALB)]. Changes in neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, CRP, Fe and ALB were observed -12 to 0 h before parturition. WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, Hp and Fe differed between PDS+ and PDS- sows. These differences were mainly apparent 12 to 36 h after parturition, but already at 12 h before parturition, PDS+ sows had lower lymphocyte counts than PDS- sows.ConclusionsParturition itself caused significant inflammatory changes, but PDS+ sows showed a more severe response than PDS- sows. WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, Hp and Fe can be potential biomarkers for PDS. Lymphocyte counts may be used to detect PDS at pre-partum. To assess their diagnostic potential, these markers must be investigated further and most likely combined with assessment of clinical parameters and other biomarkers for improved identification of sows at risk of developing PDS.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1382-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…CRP has been used to assess acute inflammation one day after vaccine administration [ 36 ]. As well, Hernández-Caravaca et al [ 37 ] used CRP and Hp to evaluate the inflammatory response of pigs to vaccination. In the present study, pigs from the IM treatment presented significantly higher levels of CRP and Hp 28 h after vaccination, compared with the IDAL and the CONTROL groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare Benefits of Intradermal Vaccination of Piglets

Temple

Jiménez

Escribano

et al. 2020

Animals

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Vaccination is reported as a stressful and painful event for animals. This study investigated whether needle-free intradermal vaccination improves the welfare of weaned pigs through the reduction of stress and pain biomarkers and improvement of behavioural parameters compared to traditional intramuscular injection with a needle. A total of 339 weaned piglets were allocated to 3 treatment groups: Intradermal Application of Liquids (IDAL) pigs, vaccinated against Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) by means of intradermal vaccination using a needle-free device Porcilis® PCV ID; Intramuscular (IM) pigs vaccinated against PCV2 with Porcilis® PCV intramuscularly with a needle; CONTROL pigs were managed identically but did not receive any vaccine injection. At the time of the injection, the reaction of IDAL piglets was similar to control piglets, whereas a greater percentage of piglets vaccinated intramuscularly displayed high-pitch vocalizations (7% CONTROL, 7% IDAL, 32% IM) and retreat attempts (3% CONTROL, 7% IDAL, 39% IM). The day after vaccination, IDAL piglets did not differ from the control piglets for any of the behavioural variables studied through scan samplings. IM piglets showed a lower frequency of social negative interactions (p = 0.001) and rope manipulation (p = 0.04) compared to the CONTROL group. Resting postures did not differ between treatments. At 28 h post-vaccination, IDAL piglets presented lower blood C-reactive protein levels (CONTROL = 20 μg/mL; IDAL = 39 μg/mL; IM = 83 μg/mL, p < 0.0001) and blood Haptoglobin (CONTROL = 1.8 mg/mL; IDAL = 1.9 mg/mL vs. IM = 3.1 mg/mL, p < 0.0001) compared to IM piglets. Salivary chromogranin A and alpha-amylase did not differ between treatment groups when measured 25 min post-vaccination. The method of vaccination did not affect the growth of the piglets or their rectal temperature. These results support that needle-free intradermal vaccination reduces vaccination-related pain in growing pigs.

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Serum acute phase response induced by different vaccination protocols against circovirus type 2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in piglets

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Porcine Breed, Sex, and Production Stage Influence the Levels of Health Status Biomarkers in Saliva Samples

Porcine Breed, Sex, and Production Stage Influence the Levels of Health Status Biomarkers in Saliva Samples

Inflammatory markers before and after farrowing in healthy sows and in sows affected with postpartum dysgalactia syndrome

Welfare Benefits of Intradermal Vaccination of Piglets

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