“…The labeled approach is by far a more active research area in SERS bacteria detection. Singleplex and multiplex detection of E. coli, S. aureus, Campylobacter, Listeria, and Bacillus anthracis spores coupled with immunomagnetic separation (IMS), microfluidics, and filtration have been reported (19,43,77,104,121,134). Detection has been evaluated in some food matrices, including ground beef, peanut butter, apple juice, and orange juice (19,43,77,121).…”