Serratula coronata L. Mediated Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Application for the Removal of Alizarin Yellow R by Photocatalytic Degradation and Adsorption

Abstract

In this study, the potential of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in the removal of alizarin yellow R (AY) from aqueous solutions by photocatalytic degradation, as well as adsorption, was investigated. The synthesized ZnO NPs were prepared by the simple wet-combustion method using the plant extract of Serratula coronata L. as a reducing and stabilizing agent and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Photocatalytic degradation of AY was monitored by UV–visible spectroscopy and the effects of parameters, such as light source type (UV-, visible- and sunlight), incubation time, pH, catalyst dosage and temperature on degradation were investigated. It was demonstrated that the source of light plays an important role in the efficiency of the reaction and the UV-assisted degradation of AY was the most effective, compared to the others. The degradation reaction of AY was found to follow the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism and a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The degradation kinetics of AY accelerated with increasing temperature, and the lowest activation energy (Ea) was calculated as 3.4 kJ/mol for the UV-light irradiation system, while the Ea values were 4.18 and 7.37 kJ/mol for visible light and sunlight, respectively. The dye removal by the adsorption process was also affected by several parameters, such as pH, sorbent amount and contact time. The data obtained in the kinetics study fit the pseudo-second-order equation best model and the rate constant was calculated as 0.001 g/mg·min. The isotherm analysis indicated that the equilibrium data fit well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of AY on biogenic ZnO NPs was 5.34 mg/g.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Applications of Aerva persica Aqueous-Root Extract-Mediated Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles

“…By employing the Kubelka–Munk equation, the optical band gap is calculated which is expressed in eq . F false( R false) = α / s = false( 1 − R 2 false) / 2 R where F ( R ) represents the Kubelka–Munk function, α is the absorption coefficient, s denotes the scattering factor, and R denotes the reflectance of a material. The estimated band gap value for as-synthesized Aerva persica-mediated ZnO nanoparticles agrees with recently reported studies and was found to be 3.18 eV …”

Adsorption isotherms and kinetics for Pb(ii) ion removal from aqueous solutions with biogenic metal oxide nanoparticles

“…Similarly, the high-resolution XPS spectrum of the Zn 2p region in ZnO nanoparticles displays two tting peaks located at approximately 1043.6 and 1020.5 eV, corresponding to Zn 2p 1/2 and Zn 2p 3/2 , respectively. 34 Furthermore, the XPS spectrum of the O 1s region in ZnO nanoparticles shows an asymmetrical peak centered at about 529.6 eV. These results from the core-level Zn 2p and O 1s spectra are in good agreement with previous data and conrm the ZnO structure.…”

“…33 Despite the abundant presence of secondary metabolites in SCR, which are known to be capable of reducing metal ions, this plant remains relatively understudied as a potential precursor for the biogenic synthesis of catalytically active metal oxide nanoparticles. 34,35 In recent studies, various biogenic nanomaterials have been explored for the removal of lead (Pb) ions, yet the utilization of indigenous plant sources to develop environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technologies remains a pressing objective for every nation. This study aims to provide essential insights into the optimal conditions for the collection and extraction of SCR, and subsequently, to investigate the efficacy of biogenic ZnO and CuO nanosized adsorbents in the removal lead(II) ions from aqueous media under bath mode conditions.…”

“…33 Despite the abundant presence of secondary metabolites in SCR, which are known to be capable of reducing metal ions, this plant remains relatively understudied as a potential precursor for the biogenic synthesis of catalytically active metal oxide nanoparticles. 34,35…”

Hybrid PET Track-Etched Membranes Grafted by Well-Defined Poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) Brushes and Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles for the Removal of As(III)

“…This means that the Freundlich model can describe the experimental data of the adsorption isotherm whether adsorption takes place on homogeneous or heterogeneous sites and is not controlled by monolayer formation. According to this model, the adsorption centers have different energies; therefore, the active sorption sites with maximum energy were filled first followed by the others [ 92 ]. Figure 10 b shows experimental data adapted to the linear Freundlich equation.…”