Serpentine-Smectite Interstratified Minerals from Lower Silesia (SW Poland)

Sakharov, B. A.; Dubińska, Elzibieta; Bylina, Paweł; Kozubowski, J.; Kaproń, Grzegorz; Frontczak-Baniewicz, Małgorzata

doi:10.1346/ccmn.2004.0520107

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Interstratified serpentine‐smectite and chlorite‐smectite each typically display sharp 7 Å features not observed in our materials [ Moore and Reynolds , ; Sakharov et al ., ]. However, unambiguous observation of those 7 Å features requires serpentine/chlorite coherent scattering domains of five layers or more [ Sakharov et al ., ]. Thus, the Fe‐Mg excess in samples G and H can be explained by interstratified chlorite or serpentine only if those domains are very small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both serpentine and chlorite contain additional octahedral layers in their structure relative to smectite and are thus Fe and Mg enriched. Interstratified serpentine‐smectite and chlorite‐smectite each typically display sharp 7 Å features not observed in our materials [ Moore and Reynolds , ; Sakharov et al ., ]. However, unambiguous observation of those 7 Å features requires serpentine/chlorite coherent scattering domains of five layers or more [ Sakharov et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and structural characterization of ferrous trioctahedral smectites: Implications for clay mineral genesis and detectability on Mars

Chemtob¹,

Nickerson²,

Morris

et al. 2015

JGR Planets

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Widespread detections of phyllosilicates in Noachian terrains on Mars imply a history of near-surface fluid-rock interaction. Ferrous trioctahedral smectites are thermodynamically predicted products of basalt weathering on early Mars, but to date only Fe 3+ -bearing dioctahedral smectites have been identified from orbital observations. In general, the physicochemical properties of ferrous smectites are poorly studied because they are susceptible to air oxidation. In this study, eight Fe 2+ -bearing smectites were synthesized from Fe 2+ -Mg-Al silicate gels at 200°C under anoxic conditions. Samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, powder X-ray diffraction, Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and visible/near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectroscopy. The range of redox states was Fe respectively. The spectra for ferrous saponites are distinct from those for dioctahedral ferric smectites, permitting their differentiation from orbital observations. X-ray diffraction patterns for synthetic high-Mg ferrosaponite and high-Mg ferrian saponite are both consistent with the Sheepbed saponite detected by the chemistry and mineralogy (CheMin) instrument at Gale Crater, Mars, suggesting that anoxic basalt alteration was a viable pathway for clay mineral formation on early Mars.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and structural characterization of ferrous trioctahedral smectites: Implications for clay mineral genesis and detectability on Mars

Chemtob¹,

Nickerson²,

Morris

et al. 2015

JGR Planets

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“…The overall agreement, both visually (Figure 5) and quantitatively with R values systematically being <13%, demonstrates the ability of the multi‐specimen approach to provide a good quality fit to experimental data obtained on polyphasic soil samples: this is consistent with previous studies in other geological settings (Drits et al ., 1997a, 2002a,b, 2004, 2007; Sakharov et al ., 1999a,b, 2004; Lindgreen et al ., 2000, 2002; Claret et al ., 2004; McCarty et al ., 2004, 2008; Inoue et al ., 2005; Aplin et al ., 2006; Lanson et al ., 2009). This approach can thus be used to determine accurate structural characteristics for the phases present in a given sample, as well as their relative proportions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last decade, the multi‐specimen method has been widely used to characterize clay mineralogy and its evolution in diagenetic and hydrothermal series (Drits et al ., 1997a, 2002a,b, 2004, 2007; Sakharov et al ., 1999a,b, 2004; Lindgreen et al ., 2000, 2002; Claret et al ., 2004; McCarty et al ., 2004, 2008; Inoue et al ., 2005; Aplin et al ., 2006; Lanson et al ., 2009). Compared with diagenetic and hydrothermal clay pargeneses, soil clay species are poorly crystallized and numerous randomly interstratified mixed layers could coexist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in characterization of soil clay mineralogy using X‐ray diffraction: from decomposition to profile fitting

Hubert

Caner

Meunier

et al. 2009

European J Soil Science

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Structural characterization of soil clay minerals often remains limited despite their key influence on soil properties. In soils, complex clay parageneses result from the coexistence of clay species with contrasting particle sizes and crystal chemistry and from the profusion of mixed layers with variable compositions. The present study aimed to characterize the mineralogy and crystal chemistry of the <2 μm fraction along a profile typical of soils from Western Europe and North America (Neo Luvisol). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were interpreted using: (i) the combination of XRD pattern decomposition and indirect identification from peak positions commonly applied in soil science; and (ii) the multi-specimen method. This latter approach implies direct XRD profile fitting and has recently led to significant improvements in the structural characterization of clay minerals in diagenetic and hydrothermal environments. In contrast to the usual approach, the multispecimen method allowed the complete structural characterization of complex clay parageneses encountered in soils together with the quantitative analysis of their mineralogy. Throughout the profile, the clay paragenesis of the studied Neo Luvisol systematically includes discrete smectite, illite and kaolinite in addition to randomly interstratified illite-smectite and chlorite-smectite. Structural characteristics of the different clay minerals, including the composition of mixed layers, did not vary significantly with depth and are thus indicative of the parent material. The relative proportion of the <2 μm fraction increased with increasing depth simultaneously with smectite relative proportion. These results are consistent with the leaching process described for Luvisols in the literature.

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“…X‐ray diffraction has the ability to definitively quantify and identify clay mineral composition, which helps describe soils in relation to plant and soil properties, such as plant cover, organic matter, and agricultural practices (Pernes‐Debuyser et al, 2003; Fontaine et al, 2007). X‐ray diffraction has classically used peak positions in clay mineralogy studies (Hubert et al, 2012), but more recently peak positions and peak shapes have been used in full profile advanced computer models (Sakharov et al, 2004).…”

Section: Contemporary Analytical Approaches In Soil Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Soil Mineralogy

2015

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Soil mineralogy is the study of natural inorganic compounds with definite physical, chemical, and, in some instances, crystalline properties that encompass the fields of physics, chemistry, geology, biology, agronomy, and soil science. Soil mineralogy has a rich history that involves the study of the soil through clay particles, physical properties, chemical properties, soil genesis, alteration, and degradation. The history of soil science is rife with mineralogy's role in developing the soil profile concept, soil classification system, factors of soil formation, and soil morphology in pedological concepts. The analytical or technological approaches historically used include X‐ray diffraction, mineralogical property analysis, thin sections, and certain soil fertility parameters associated with mineralogy, such as cation exchange capacity (CEC) and pH. Contemporary analytical approaches include advanced X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Soil mineralogy is important for soil science, geomorphology, environmental science, engineering and mining, oil, and gas applications. The future of soil mineralogy points toward advancements of current technology along with expanding applications such as the study of minerals from nearby planets and beyond.

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Serpentine-Smectite Interstratified Minerals from Lower Silesia (SW Poland)

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Synthesis and structural characterization of ferrous trioctahedral smectites: Implications for clay mineral genesis and detectability on Mars

Synthesis and structural characterization of ferrous trioctahedral smectites: Implications for clay mineral genesis and detectability on Mars

Advances in characterization of soil clay mineralogy using X‐ray diffraction: from decomposition to profile fitting

The Evolution of Soil Mineralogy

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