Serpentine ecosystem responses to varying water availability and prescribed fire in the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic region

Schedlbauer, Jessica L.

doi:10.1890/es14-00528.1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Seneviratne et al (2015) found 2.3% total organic carbon in soil from Yudhaganawa serpentine deposit in Sri Lanka, which is similar to the findings of the present study. Moreover, the comparatively low soil water holding capacities observed at saturation point and field capacity are often reflected in serpentine soils worldwide (Schedlbauer 2015). Soil moisture regime directly causes for changes in physicochemical and biological attributes of soil, including pH, electrical conductivity, and organic matter content (Van den Berg and Loch 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of soil water content and soil amendments on trace metal release and seedling growth in serpentine soil

et al. 2019

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Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of organic amendments and soil water status on trace metal release from serpentine soil. Materials and methods Two organic amendments, dendro-biochar (BC) and municipal solid waste compost (CM), were added to serpentine soil at four different ratios, specifically 2.5:0.0, 2.5:1.0, 2.5:2.5, and 2.5:5.0% (w/w). Along with the control (with no organic amendments), each soil treatment was incubated separately under saturated point (SP) and field capacity (FC) water content for 10 days. Subsamples were obtained from each treatment to analyze the bioavailable trace metal concentration and related edaphic parameters, namely total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate (NO 3 −), phosphate (PO 4 3−), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Then, the soil solution was eluded from each treatment and incubated for 10 days under permanent wilting point (PW). Furthermore, a seed germination test was performed under the different treatments. Results and discussion Significant reductions (p < 0.05) in bioavailable concentration of all four trace metals were observed in all the amendment ratios under all water status treatments (SP, FC, SP-PW, and FC-PW), compared with the control. Furthermore, FC-PW with the highest amendment ratio (2.5% BC:5.0% CM) reduced Ni by 67.6%; FC-PW with 2.5% BC + 2.5% CM immobilized Mn and Co by 92.1 and 96.9%, respectively, and SP water status with all four amendment ratios immobilized 100% of bioavailable Cr. Maximum amendment ratio under all four water status enhanced %TOC and significantly increased PO 4 3− concentration in SP-PW. However, FC showed comparatively high NO 3 − concentration than other treatments. Germination index (GI) for mung beans and tomato did not show a significant difference in response to amendment ratios or soil water status; however, SP treatment expressed significantly high seedling vigor (SVI) for mung beans. Conclusions Treatments of BC and CM effectively immobilize the bioavailable fraction of trace metals in serpentine soils. Increasing amendment ratio increases the %TOC regardless of the soil water status, whereas SP-PW is favorable for the availability of PO 4 3− , and FC is favorable for availability of NO 3 −. The GI for mung beans and tomato seed was not influenced by the soil water status nor by the amendment ratios. However, the SVI of mung bean seedlings was controlled by the soil water status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of soil water content and soil amendments on trace metal release and seedling growth in serpentine soil

et al. 2019

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“…The serpentine grasslands themselves present a harsh abiotic filter, most notably containing high levels of toxic heavy metals, which have been found to cause divergence among populations via selection (Anacker, 2014; Brady et al, 2005; Kazakou et al, 2008; Turner et al, 2010) and/or via biased dispersal due to associations with flowering time (Antonovics, 2006; Dittmar & Schemske, 2017; Rajakaruna & Bohm, 1999). Soil characteristics can vary even among serpentine sites within a region, with some presenting harsher conditions than others (Batianoff & Singh, 2001; Schedlbauer, 2015). Thus, the combination of an intervening matrix, composed of a complex mosaic of natural and anthropogenically‐altered lands, with variable soil metal content among serpentine grassland patches presents an apt system to investigate patterns of both IBR and IBE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type and intensity of surrounding human land use, not local environment, shape genetic structure of a native grassland plant

Emel

Wang²,

Metz³

et al. 2021

Molecular Ecology

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Landscape heterogeneity can shape genetic structure and functional connectivity of populations. When this heterogeneity imposes variable costs of moving across the landscape, populations can be structured according to a pattern of “isolation by resistance” (IBR). At the same time, divergent local environmental filters can limit gene flow, creating an alternative pattern of “isolation by environment” (IBE). Here, we evaluate IBR and IBE in the insect‐pollinated, biennial plant Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh (Gentianaceae) across serpentine grasslands in the fragmented landscape of SE Pennsylvania, USA using ~4500 neutral SNP loci. Specifically, we test the extent to which radical alteration of the landscape matrix by humans has fundamentally altered the cost of movement, imprinting a pattern of IBR dictated by land use type and intensity, and the potential for IBE in relation to a gradient of heavy metal concentrations found in serpentine soil. We reveal a strong signal of IBR and a weak signal of IBE across sites, indicating the greater importance of the landscape matrix in shaping genetic structure of S. angularis populations in the study region. Based on Circuitscape and least cost path approaches, we find that both low‐ and high‐intensity urbanization resist gene flow by orders of magnitude greater than “natural” habitats, although resistance to low‐intensity urbanization weakens at larger spatial scales. While cropland presents a substantially lower barrier than urban development, cumulative human land use surrounding populations predicts within‐population genetic diversity and inbreeding in S. angularis. Our results emphasize the role of forest buffers and corridors in facilitating gene flow between serpentine grassland patches and averting local extinction of plant populations.

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“…The loss of species resulting from eutrophication typically occurs through competitive exclusion (Wassen et al 2005) when there are competitive species present that are able to rapidly exploit the available nutrients and outcompete the resident species that are adapted to low nutrient and often, very stressful conditions. Serpentine systems are usually resistant to colonisation by non-serpentine specialists due to high heavy metal concentrations, low organic matter and free-draining soils, but can be vulnerable to invasion when the normally restrictive growing conditions are ameliorated through increases in nutrients (Huenneke et al, 1990;Vallano, Selmants and Zavaleta, 2012) and/or water availability (Schedlbauer 2015). However, the patterns of response are variable with some invasive species appearing to be N-limited and some P-limited, whilst others only need increased water availability to become established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient additions three decades on: potential interactions of nutrients and climate in the recovery of a high latitude serpentine system

Dalrymple

Carter²,

Slingsby

2019

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Nutrient addition experiments initiated in 1980 on the Keen of Hamar, Shetland Isles, have produced a unique dataset of long-term vegetation response to amendments of major plant growth nutrients (N, P, NP, NPK and NPKCa). Previous studies have reported the notable impact of phosphorus on the 'serpentine debris' community, and the negligible effect of nitrogen. However, a survey in 2010 provided our first indication that the experimentally-induced phosphorus effect was weakening and this was consolidated by further surveys of vegetation cover and community composition. This community shift might have been different had the local climate acted synergistically with phosphorus additions: in the last few years of the study the Shetland Isles experienced particularly low spring rainfall -the dry spell may have been a welltimed environmental filter driving community recovery rather than a permanent change of state to heathland on an organic soil. The longevity of our investigation is a unique opportunity to explore vegetation response to the key drivers of global environmental change, namely climate change, eutrophication as a result of agricultural intensification, and the potential for invasion of species as new resource-rich niches become available.

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Serpentine ecosystem responses to varying water availability and prescribed fire in the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic region

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Influence of soil water content and soil amendments on trace metal release and seedling growth in serpentine soil

Influence of soil water content and soil amendments on trace metal release and seedling growth in serpentine soil

Type and intensity of surrounding human land use, not local environment, shape genetic structure of a native grassland plant

Nutrient additions three decades on: potential interactions of nutrients and climate in the recovery of a high latitude serpentine system

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