Serovars of Erysipelothrix Strains Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas in Japan.

Takahashi, Toshio; Nagamine, Noriyuki; Kijima, Mayumi; Suzuki, Shinichi; Takagi, Masami; Tsutsumi, Yutaka; Nakamura, Masayuki; Muramatsu, Masatake; Sawada, Takuo

doi:10.1292/jvms.58.587

Cited by 48 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…For a long time epidemiological studies of swine erysipelas have been carried out by simply serotyping the causative agent, E. rhusiopathiae (4,9,17,22). Although strains of the genus 1-1, 1-2, and 1-6 (n ϭ 2, isolated from one pig).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotyping of 800 Strains of Erysipelothrix Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas and Discrimination of Attenuated Live Vaccine Strain by Genotyping

Imada

Takase²,

Kikuma

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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Eight hundred Erysipelothrix strains isolated between 1992 and 2002 from swine with erysipelas in Japan were serotyped. Thirty-seven, 47, 73, and 643 strains were isolated from animals with acute septicemia, urticaria, chronic endocarditis, and chronic arthritis, respectively, of which 381, 146, 254, and 19 isolates belonged to serotypes 1a, 1b, and 2b and other serotypes, respectively. All serotype 1a isolates were further examined for acriflavine resistance and their genotypes to discriminate them from the attenuated live vaccine strain, defined as serotype 1a, which is resistant to 0.02% acriflavine and which shows low levels of pathogenicity in mice. Of the serotype 1a isolates, 64.6% were acriflavine resistant, with 98.4% of these acriflavine-resistant strains having been isolated from animals with chronic arthritis. By randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, almost all the acriflavine-resistant serotype 1a strains showed the 253-bp band characteristic of vaccine strains and were easily discriminated from all 113 strains of acriflavine-sensitive serotype 1a strains from animals with acute and subacute swine erysipelas. The incidence of acriflavine-resistant strains of the distinctive RAPD type 1-2 was markedly higher than that of the other RAPD types and serotypes. RAPD type 1-2 strains also included a specific group identifiable by restriction fragment length polymorphism DNA analysis. Furthermore, the pathogenicities of 29 isolates of RAPD type 1-2 for mice were lower than those of the 21 isolates of other RAPD types. Our results indicate that RAPD type 1-2 strains are live vaccine strains and that 37% of the cases of chronic swine erysipelas detected in the past 11 years in Japan have occurred as a side effect of live vaccine use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotyping of 800 Strains of Erysipelothrix Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas and Discrimination of Attenuated Live Vaccine Strain by Genotyping

Imada

Takase²,

Kikuma

et al. 2004

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Imada et al (9) also cloned a gene encoding the 69-kDa SpaA protein from a highly virulent strain of serotype 1a and were the first to show that 348 amino acids (amino acid residues 61 to 408 of mature SpaA) at the N terminus could elicit complete protection in pigs against challenge with virulent strains of serotypes 1a and 2b. Serotypes 1 and 2 are the most important in swine erysipelas (22,26), and the cross-protection seen between these serotypes could be explained by the highly conserved amino acid sequences seen in the protective region of SpaA in all five strains of serotypes 1 and 2 (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each 1 g of organ (heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes near the challenge site, and tonsils) was stamped on selective agar medium. Each organ was then cut into small pieces and cultivated in 10 ml of selective broth medium at 37°C for 48 h. After 24 and 48 h of incubation, the broth culture was streaked on selective agar medium and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Suspected colonies of E. rhusiopathiae were identified by PCR (15) and serotyped by the agar gel precipitation test (22).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Employing a Recombinant Antigen for Detection of Protective Antibody against Swine Erysipelas

et al. 2003

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The specificities and sensitivities of five recombinant proteins of the surface protective antigen (SpaA) of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae were examined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the aim of developing a reliable serological test for the detection of protective antibody against E. rhusiopathiae. Fully mature protein and the N-terminal 416 amino acids (SpaA416) showed sufficient antigenicities, and further examination was done with SpaA416 because of its higher yield. The antibody titers of pigs experimentally immunized with commercial live vaccine and two types of inactivated vaccines clearly increased after immunization, and all pigs were completely protected against challenge with virulent strains. On the other hand, the antibody titers of nonimmunized control pigs remained very low until they were challenged, and all showed severe symptoms or subsequently died. Interference with the production of antibody against live vaccine by maternal antibody or porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus infection 1 week after vaccination was also clearly detected. Because the ELISA titer correlated well with the protection results, the specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were further evaluated with sera collected from pigs reared on 1 farm on which animals had acute septicemia, 2 farms on which the animals were infected or free from infection, and 10 farms on which the animals were vaccinated with live vaccine, among others. The ELISA titers clearly revealed the conditions of the herds. These results indicate that the SpaA416 ELISA is an effective method not only for evaluating pigs for the presence of protective antibody levels resulting from vaccination or maternal antibody but also for detecting antibody produced by natural infection. This test has important potential for the effective control of swine erysipelas.

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“…Generally, most of these isolates belong to serovar 1 (subtypes 1a and 1b) and 2. Takahashi et al [10,12] reported that about 80% of isolates from slaughtered pigs affected with erysipelas were of serovar 1 or 2 in Japan. Wood and Harrington [20] also reported a similar result in the United States.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of NaOH-Extracted Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Vaccine in Pigs.

Kitajima

Oishi

Amimoto

et al. 1998

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. A vaccine was prepared from a NaOH-extracted antigen of the Kyoto strain (serovar 2) of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (E. rhusiopathiae) with an oil adjuvant, and was injected twice at 3-week intervals into SPF pigs and conventional pigs with maternal antibodies. After the second vaccination, IgG-GA titers of immunized SPF pigs were more than 256-fold at 3 weeks, and immunized pigs with maternal antibodies were 64-fold at 7 weeks. The pig with maternal antibodies vaccinated once with live vaccine had less than 4-fold titers. The ELISA antibody titers which were measured by using the NaOH-extracted antigen showed similar transition to the IgG-GA antibody titers. All immunized pigs and nonvaccinated control pigs were challenged with the strains Fujisawa (serovar 1a) or Saitama-1 (serovar 2). After challenge exposure, all pigs immunized with the NaOH-extracted vaccine showed no clinical signs and survived, and the pig immunized with the live vaccine had a local rhomboidal lesion at the site of the injection. Nonvaccinated pigs developed typical symptoms of E. rhusiopathiae infection and one of them died. After the autopsy, the challenge strains were not recovered from the main organs except tonsils of the pigs immunized with the NaOH-extracted vaccine. These results indicated that the NaOH-extracted vaccine induces a protective effect in pigs with maternal antibodies as well as in SPF pigs negative for such antibodies, and that 67-64, 62-60 kDa proteins in the NaOH-extracted antigen play an important role in protecting against E. rhusiopathiae infection. -KEY WORDS: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, NaOH-extracted antigen, vaccine.

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Serovars of Erysipelothrix Strains Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas in Japan.

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Serotyping of 800 Strains of Erysipelothrix Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas and Discrimination of Attenuated Live Vaccine Strain by Genotyping

Serotyping of 800 Strains of Erysipelothrix Isolated from Pigs Affected with Erysipelas and Discrimination of Attenuated Live Vaccine Strain by Genotyping

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Employing a Recombinant Antigen for Detection of Protective Antibody against Swine Erysipelas

Protective Effect of NaOH-Extracted Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Vaccine in Pigs.

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