Protective Effect of NaOH-Extracted Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Vaccine in Pigs.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. A vaccine was prepared from a NaOH-extracted antigen of the Kyoto strain (serovar 2) of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (E. rhusiopathiae) with an oil adjuvant, and was injected twice at 3-week intervals into SPF pigs and conventional pigs with maternal antibodies. After the second vaccination, IgG-GA titers of immunized SPF pigs were more than 256-fold at 3 weeks, and immunized pigs with maternal antibodies were 64-fold at 7 weeks. The pig with maternal antibodies vaccinated once with live vaccine had less than 4-fold titers. The ELISA antibody titers which were measured by using the NaOH-extracted antigen showed similar transition to the IgG-GA antibody titers. All immunized pigs and nonvaccinated control pigs were challenged with the strains Fujisawa (serovar 1a) or Saitama-1 (serovar 2). After challenge exposure, all pigs immunized with the NaOH-extracted vaccine showed no clinical signs and survived, and the pig immunized with the live vaccine had a local rhomboidal lesion at the site of the injection. Nonvaccinated pigs developed typical symptoms of E. rhusiopathiae infection and one of them died. After the autopsy, the challenge strains were not recovered from the main organs except tonsils of the pigs immunized with the NaOH-extracted vaccine. These results indicated that the NaOH-extracted vaccine induces a protective effect in pigs with maternal antibodies as well as in SPF pigs negative for such antibodies, and that 67-64, 62-60 kDa proteins in the NaOH-extracted antigen play an important role in protecting against E. rhusiopathiae infection. -KEY WORDS: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, NaOH-extracted antigen, vaccine.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Employing a Recombinant Antigen for Detection of Protective Antibody against Swine Erysipelas

“…Many reports have found that the 64-to 66-kDa protein of E. rhusiopathiae is the major protective antigen (1,6,7,8,9,11,12,13,14,19). Galan and Timoney (6) are thought to have been the first to succeed in the cloning and expression of this gene from a highly virulent strain of serotype 1a; however, they did not report the gene sequence.…”

“…Various serological methods for the diagnosis of chronic swine erysipelas or for assay of maternal antibody and acquired antibody before and after vaccination have been reported, e.g., growth agglutination tests (12,20,25), the latex agglutination test (19), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (1,2,4,9,10,11,16,17,19). Unlike in other countries, the attenuated live vaccine is the most commonly used type of vaccine in Japan, and the growth agglutination test is used for the detection of maternal antibody and acquired antibody before and after vaccination.…”

Development and Validation of an Immunohistochemical Method for Rapid Diagnosis of Swine Erysipelas in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples

“…In addition to pigs, E. rhusiopathiae has also been isolated from many species of both domestic and wild mammals, including humans, in which the disease is referred to as erysipeloid. 4,10 Swine erysipelas is distributed worldwide and is of economic significance. Thirty percent to 50% of pigs are known to harbor E. rhusiopathiae; however, these pigs are frequently healthy despite the presence of the organism in tonsils and lymphatic tissues.…”

Genetic and Antigenic Diversity of the Surface Protective Antigen Proteins of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

“…E. rhusiopathiae was once thought to be the only species in the genus Erysipelothrix and was classified into 25 serovars based on peptidoglycan antigens of the cell wall. At present, the genus contains at least the following two species: E. rhusiopathiae, including serovars 1a, 1b, 2,4,5,6,8,9,11,12,15,16,17,19, and 21 and type N; and Erysipelothrix tonsillarum, including serovars 3,7,10,14,20,22, and 23. Serovars 13 and 18 are unclassified but are considered to be assigned to genetically distinct groups from the above two species (15).…”