Serotonin and the Neurobiology of Depression

Delgado, Pedro L.; Price, Lawrence H.; Miller, Helen; Salomon, Ronald M.; Aghajanian, George K.; Heninger, George R.; Charney, Dennis S.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950110025005

Cited by 256 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, the risk of recurrence of depressive symptoms is highest among patients receiving serotonergic medications (Delgado et al 1990(Delgado et al , 1994Van der Does 2001b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dysfunction of the central serotonin (5-HT) system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of both AD and MDD (for reviews see Delgado et al 1994;Kranzler and Anton 1994;LeMarquand et al 1994;Charney 1998). Decreased serotonergic function reduces ethanol's behavioral effects and is associated with increased preference for and consumption of ethanol (Kranzler and Anton 1994;LeMarquand et al 1994).…”

Section: -Ht Neurotransmission In Major Depression and Alcohol Depenmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on mood and urge to drink in patients with co-morbid major depression and alcohol dependence

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, the risk of recurrence of depressive symptoms is highest among patients receiving serotonergic medications (Delgado et al 1990(Delgado et al , 1994Van der Does 2001b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Ht Neurotransmission In Major Depression and Alcohol Depenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on mood and urge to drink in patients with co-morbid major depression and alcohol dependence

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Incompatible with a simple, low 5-HT model of depression are the findings that ATD does not worsen the symptoms of currently depressed patients 5 and that ATD induces no symptoms or only mild dysphoria in healthy volunteers. 3 The concept of 'serotonergic vulnerability' more adequately describes the association between serotonin and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monoamine depletion in psychiatric and healthy populations: review

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of techniques temporarily lower the functioning of monoamines: acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) and acute phenylalanine/tyrosine depletion (APTD). This paper reviews the results of monoamine depletion studies in humans for the period 1966 until December 2002. The evidence suggests that all three interventions are specific, in terms of their short-term effects on one or two neurotransmitter systems, rather than on brain protein metabolism in general. The AMPT procedure is somewhat less specific, affecting both the dopamine and norepinephrine systems. The behavioral effects of ATD and AMPT are remarkably similar. Neither procedure has an immediate effect on the symptoms of depressed patients; however, both induce transient depressive symptoms in some remitted depressed patients. The magnitude of the effects, response rate and quality of response are also comparable. APTD has not been studied in recovered major depressive patients. Despite the similarities, the effects are distinctive in that ATD affects a subgroup of recently remitted patients treated with serotonergic medications, whereas AMPT affects recently remitted patients treated with noradrenergic medications. The evidence also suggests that ATD and APTD affect different cognitive functions, in particular different memory systems. Few studies investigated cognitive effects of the procedures in patients. Patients who are in remission for longer may also be vulnerable to ATD and AMPT, but the relationship with prior treatment is much weaker. For these patients, individual vulnerability markers are the more important determinants of depressive response, making these techniques potentially useful models of vulnerability to depression. Molecular Psychiatry (2003) 8, 951-973.

show abstract

“…The mood change is weakly, if at all, correlated with the observed 80-90% drop in plasma tryptophan (TRP). Instead, vulnerability to relapse has been associated with various symptom clusters (Delgado et al, 1990(Delgado et al, , 1991(Delgado et al, , 1994(Delgado et al, , 1999Salomon et al, 1992Salomon et al, , 1993Benkelfat et al, 1995;Leyton et al, 1997;Lenzinger et al, 1999;Moreno et al, 2000a;Neumeister et al, 2002;Moore et al, 2000). ATD does not affect mood in healthy subjects (Abbott et al, 1992;Salomon et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of a Critical CSF Tryptophan Threshold Level with Depressive Relapse

Salomon

Kennedy

Johnson

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work studies association between relapse during acute tryptophan depletion (ATD) and CSF level of tryptophan (TRP) in remitted depressives treated with sertraline or bupropion. Eight medication-responding depressives ingested an ATD amino acid mixture during 48-h continuous CSF sampling before and after treatment. Mood rating scores were compared with nadir levels of TRP in CSF. CSF TRP nadirs averaged 8.7% of am baselines in remitted patients. Mood relapsed whenever the CSF nadir was below 40 nmol/l TRP in remitted patients, and never when above (Fisher's exact test, P ¼ 0.029). Relapsing medication responders also showed very low preantidepressant ATD-induced nadirs. ATD-induced relapses were associated with low CSF TRP levels. Individual susceptibility to depletion may be independent of antidepressant treatment, mood state, or treatment status. Resistance to relapse may invoke an undefined, protective CNS mechanism against extremely low CSF levels of TRP during ATD.

show abstract

Serotonin and the Neurobiology of Depression

Cited by 256 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on mood and urge to drink in patients with co-morbid major depression and alcohol dependence

Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion on mood and urge to drink in patients with co-morbid major depression and alcohol dependence

Monoamine depletion in psychiatric and healthy populations: review

Association of a Critical CSF Tryptophan Threshold Level with Depressive Relapse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About