Seroreversion of IgG anti‐HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long‐term multi‐sampling longitudinal study

López‐López, Pedro; Frías, Mario; Camacho, Ángela; Machuca, Isabel; Caballero‐Gómez, Javier; Risalde, María Á.; García‐Bocanegra, Ignacio; Pérez‐Valero, Ignacio; Rivero‐Juárez, Antonio; Rivero, Antonio

doi:10.1111/tbed.14486

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In a long-term longitudinal study performed in Cordoba, sera were collected between 2012 and 2020 from HIV/HCV-coinfected cirrhotic patients in order to evaluate the kinetic of HEV antibodies, having been detected at the baseline 0% (0/75) IgM anti-HEV and 17.3% (13/75) IgG anti-HEV. After 5.1 years a seroconversion of 2.7% (2/75) was observed for IgM anti-HEV while for IgG anti-HEV two seroconversions and five seroreversions were registered, totalizing 13.3% (10/75) IgG anti-HEV at the end of the study (López-López et al, 2022 ). Furthermore, a study showed that clotting-factor concentrates are not at risk for causing HEV infection (FLORES et al, 1995 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Knowing that HEV-3 infection may progress into a chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients (Wang & Meng, 2021 ), HEV diagnosis in these type of patients should be carried out since they can benefit from ribavirin treatment (Correia et al, 2022 ). HEV-3 has also been reported in HIV patients (Rivero-Juarez et al, 2017b ), with some studies showing low or no detection rates of HEV RNA in these patients, (Jardi et al, 2012 ; Madejón et al, 2009 ; A. Rivero-Juarez et al, 2017b ; Rodríguez-Tajes et al, 2020 ), in spite of the high anti-HEV seroprevalences detected in these patients (Filipe et al, 2022 ; López-López et al, 2019 , 2022 ; Mateos-Lindemann et al, 2014 ; Merchante et al, 2015 ; Pineda et al, 2014 ; Riveiro-Barciela et al, 2014 ; Antonio Rivero-Juarez et al, 2015a , 2015b ; Vázquez-Morón et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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One of the most frequent causes of acute viral hepatitis is hepatitis E virus (HEV) causing 20 million infections worldwide each year and 44,000 deaths. Studies on HEV in the Iberian Peninsula have been increasing through time with HEV infection being identified in humans and animals. The aim of the present systematic review was to compile and evaluate all the published data on HEV from studies performed in humans, animals and environmental samples in the Iberian Peninsula. The electronic databases Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched, and research published up until February 01, 2023 were included. Resulting in a total of 151 eligible papers by full reading and application of PRISMA exclusion/inclusion criteria. Overall, the present review shows that several HEV genotypes, namely HEV-1, 3, 4, and 6 as well as Rocahepevirus, are circulating in humans, animals, and in the environment in the Iberian Peninsula. HEV-3 was the most common genotype circulating in humans in Portugal and Spain, as expected for developed countries, with HEV-1 only being detected in travelers and emigrants from HEV endemic regions. Spain is the biggest pork producer in Europe and given the high circulation of HEV in pigs, with HEV-3 being primarily associated to zoonotic transmission through consumption of swine meat and meat products, in our opinion, the introduction of an HEV surveillance system in swine and inclusion of HEV in diagnostic routines for acute and chronic human hepatitis would be important. Additionally, we propose that establishing a monitoring mechanism for HEV is crucial in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of this illness and the various strains present in the Iberian Peninsula, as well as their potential impact on public health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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Seroreversion of IgG anti‐HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long‐term multi‐sampling longitudinal study

López‐López

Frías

Camacho

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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The aim of our study was to evaluate HEV antibody kinetics in HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients with cirrhosis. A longitudinal retrospective study was designed. Patients were followed up every 6 months; anti‐HEV IgG and IgM antibodies levels and HEV‐RNA by qPCR were analysed. The prevalence and incidence of every HEV infection marker were calculated. The kinetics of anti‐HEV IgG and IgM during the follow‐up were evaluated. Seventy‐five patients comprised the study population. The seroprevalence observed was 17.3%. None showed IgM antibodies or HEV‐RNA at baseline. None showed detectable HEV viral load during the study period. After a median follow‐up of 5.1 years, two of 62 seronegative patients (3.2%) seroconverted to IgG antibody. The incidence for IgM was 2.7%. Of the 13 patients with IgG seropositivity at baseline, five (38.5%) seroreverted. Meanwhile, of the two patients who exhibited IgM positivity during the study, one (50%) showed intermittent positivity. We found that HEV seropositivity is common in HIV/HCV‐coinfected cirrhotic patients. A remarkable rate of IgG seroreversions and IgM intermittence was found, limiting the use of antibodies for the diagnosis of HEV infection in this population.

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Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Immunocompromised Individuals: A Brief Narrative Review

Alexandrova,

Tsachev,

Kirov

et al. 2024

IDR

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to Hepeviridae family. HEV is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there are estimated 20 million HEV infections worldwide every year, leading to estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases of HEV infection. The WHO estimates that HEV infection caused approximately 44,000 deaths in 2015, which represents 3.3% of mortality rates due to viral hepatitis. In low-income (LI) countries and lower-middle-income (LMI) countries, HEV is a waterborne infection induced by HEV genotype (gt) 1 and HEV gt 2 that cause large outbreaks and affect young individuals with a high mortality rate in pregnant women from South Asian countries and patients with liver diseases. HEV gt 3, HEV gt 4, and HEV gt 7 are responsible for sporadic infections with zoonotic transmission mainly through the consumption of raw or undercooked meat from different animals. Acute HEV infection is relatively asymptomatic or mild clinical form, in rare cases the disease can be moderate/severe clinical forms and result in fulminant hepatitis or acute liver failure (ALF). Furthermore, HEV infection is associated with extrahepatic manifestations, including renal and neurological clinical signs and symptoms. Pregnant women, infants, older people, immunocompromised individuals, patients with comorbidities, and workers who come into close contact with HEV-infected animals are recognized as major risk groups for severe clinical form of HEV infection and fatal outcome. Chronic HEV infection can occur in immunocompromised individuals with the possibility of progression to cirrhosis.

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Seroreversion of IgG anti‐HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long‐term multi‐sampling longitudinal study

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

Hepatitis E Virus in the Iberian Peninsula: A Systematic Review

Seroreversion of IgG anti‐HEV in HIV cirrhotic patients: A long‐term multi‐sampling longitudinal study

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Immunocompromised Individuals: A Brief Narrative Review

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