Seroprevalence of some Infectious transboundry diseases in cattle imported from Sudan to Egypt

Hekal, Sahar Hussein Abdalla; Al-Gaabary, Magdy H.; El-Sayed, M. M.; Sobhy, Hassan M.; Fayed, A

doi:10.5455/javar.2019.f318

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…All the strains ever characterized from Egypt belong to lineage IV [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. A high homology with Sudanese viruses was noted, which, along with the serological evidence of PPR infection in SRs [ 57 ] and cattle [ 58 ] imported or smuggled from Sudan, supports the key role of Egypt in the eastward spread of PPR from Africa to the Middle East as suggested by several studies [ 30 , 36 , 58 ].…”

Section: Ppr Situation At the National Levelsupporting

confidence: 67%

Peste Des Petits Ruminants in the Middle East: Epidemiological Situation and Status of Control and Eradication Activities after the First Phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (2017–2021)

Benfield

Legnardi

Mayen

et al. 2023

Animals

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Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a burdensome viral disease primarily affecting small ruminants, which is currently targeted for eradication by 2030 through the implementation of a Global Control and Eradication Strategy (PPR GCES). The PPR GCES, launched in 2015, has strongly encouraged countries to participate in Regional PPR Roadmaps, designated according to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) regions and epidemiological considerations, with each targeted by dedicated meetings and activities. Following the conclusion of the first phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (PPR GEP) (2017–2021), the present work focuses on the disease situation and status of the eradication campaign in the fourteen countries of the PPR GCES Middle Eastern Roadmap as well as Egypt. PPR is endemic to or suspected to be present in most of the region, except for Bahrain, which, as of 2021, is preparing to apply for official recognition as being free of PPR. Some substantial shortcomings are observed in surveillance and disease reporting, as well as in the implemented control strategies, most notably vaccination. Since many of these limitations are shared by many of the investigated countries, the international cooperation and harmonization of control efforts appears crucial to making PPR eradication attainable in the Middle East.

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Section: Ppr Situation At the National Levelsupporting

confidence: 67%

Peste Des Petits Ruminants in the Middle East: Epidemiological Situation and Status of Control and Eradication Activities after the First Phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (2017–2021)

Benfield

Legnardi

Mayen

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…It is assumed that the trade in live animals to Egypt from Ethiopia and Sudan has a role in the spread of this infection into North and East Africa [ 6 ]. This is supported by the close relationship between the PPRV IV lineage in Egypt and North Africa and the PPRV lineage initially identified in Sudan [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of peste des petits ruminants virus from goats in Egyptian governorates

Ahmed

Hosny²,

R³

et al. 2021

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious disease of small ruminants which negatively affects animal production and the socioeconomic status of farmers. Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) encodes eight proteins, with the viral fusion protein (F) playing a role in virus virulence and stimulating an effective protective immune response. This study aimed to isolate and complete the identification of PPRV circulating in goats in different Egyptian governorates and perform molecular characterization of the PPRV F gene. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from unvaccinated animals with clinical signs suggestive of PPR. A total of 256 sera were tested for the detection of PPRV antibodies using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) kit, while 214 samples of blood buffy coat preparation, animal swabs (nasal, ocular, and saliva), and fecal and tissue samples were tested for the detection of the PPRV antigen using an antigen-capture ELISA kit. Molecular diagnosis, gene cloning, blast analysis, and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the molecular characterization of PPRV. Results: The seroprevalence results of PPRV antibodies in the tested sera showed a total of 67.9% positive samples. The rates of PPR antigen recorded by the antigen-capture ELISA in the swabs (nasal and ocular) and tissue samples were 44.3%, 46.8%, and 43.5%, respectively, with saliva swabs having the highest rate of PPRV positivity (76.4%) and fecal samples having the lowest (33.3%). Molecular characterization of the PPRV Vero cell culture revealed that the circulating PPRV strain belongs to the IV lineage. Blast analysis of the PPRV F gene showed 96.7% identity with the PPRV strain Egypt-2014 fusion protein (F) gene, KT006589.1, differing by 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the emerging PPRV belongs to the IV lineage among small ruminant animals. The findings also indicate the need for an innovative strategy to control and eliminate this disease based on a regularly administered and effective vaccine, a test to distinguish between infected and vaccinated animals, and the need for further study on the protein structure and PPRV F gene expression, which should help us to understand the molecular evolution of the virus and control and eliminate PPR disease.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, only one report of clinical PPRV infection in large ruminants exists: an outbreak in domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in India (Govindarajan et al 1997). In this case, the clinical -12, 2001, 2015-16, 2016-18 Haroun et al (2002, Intisar et al (2017), Ali et al (2019), Hekal et al (2019) Camel Sudan 2008-12, 2008, 2001-09 Haroun et al (2002, Intisar et al (2010Intisar et al ( , 2017, Saeed et al (2010) Cattle, Water Buffalo, Yak Pakistan 2009-06, 2007Khan et al (2008, , Abubakar et al (2017) Camel Nigeria 2011-03, 2012, 1995, 2012-13 Daneji et al (1997 presentation was characterised by fever, conjunctival congestion, hypersalivation and depression, resembling what is seen in sheep and goats. Morbidity was roughly 13% with a very high case fatality rate (96%) that was not age-related (Govindarajan et al 1997).…”

Section: Evidence In Large Ruminants (Cattle and Water Buffalo)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Peste des petits ruminants in large ruminants, camels and unusual hosts

Rahman

Dhama

Ali

et al. 2020

Veterinary Quarterly

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Since its first report in 1942, peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV) has caused several epidemics in a wide range of susceptible hosts around the world. In the last 30 years, the evidence of natural and experimental infections and virus isolation were reported from novel but unusual hosts such as camel, cattle, buffalo, dogs, Asiatic lion and pigs. In addition, PPRV in a potential vector, biting midges (Culicoides imicola), has been reported. Either presented as clinical and/or subclinical infections, the presence of the virus in an extended range of susceptible hosts highlights the cross-species transmission and supports the hypothesis of an endemic circulation of PPRV among susceptible hosts. However, the potential role of large ruminants, camels and unusual hosts for PPRV epidemiology is still obscure. Therefore, there is a need for molecular and epidemiological investigations of the disease among usual and unusual hosts to achieve the goals of disease control and eradication programmes initiated by national and international organisations, such as the FAO and OIE. This review is the first to summarise the scattered data on PPR in large ruminants, camels and unusual hosts to obtain the global scientific communities' attention for further research on epidemiological aspects, not only in its native hosts, but also in large ruminants, camels and other unusual hosts.

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Seroprevalence of some Infectious transboundry diseases in cattle imported from Sudan to Egypt

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

Peste Des Petits Ruminants in the Middle East: Epidemiological Situation and Status of Control and Eradication Activities after the First Phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (2017–2021)

Peste Des Petits Ruminants in the Middle East: Epidemiological Situation and Status of Control and Eradication Activities after the First Phase of the PPR Global Eradication Program (2017–2021)

Isolation and identification of peste des petits ruminants virus from goats in Egyptian governorates

Peste des petits ruminants in large ruminants, camels and unusual hosts

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