Seroprevalence and isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from free-range chickens from Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil

Beltrame, Marcus Alexandre Vaillant; Pena, Hilda Fátima Jesus; Ton, N.C.; Lino, Allison; Gennari, Solange Maria; Dubey, J. P.; Pereira, Fausto Edmundo Lima

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.053

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The modified agglutination test (MAT) is a very sensitive and specific method for T. gondii detection in avian species [15,19]. However, IHA is also considered one of the most sensitive and specific serological methods for detecting T. gondii antibodies, which has been used extensively in many animals, including pigs, horses, donkeys, yaks, dogs, chickens [11][12][13][14]20]. Therefore, the present study used IHA to detect T. gondii antibodies in geese utilizing a commercially marketed kit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence, risk factors and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic geese ( Anser domestica ) in tropical China

Rong

Zhou

Hou

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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Background: Little information is available about the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in geese (Anser domestica) in China. In the present investigation, the seroprevalence, risk factors and genotyping of T. gondii in geese were investigated in Hainan province, tropical China. Findings: A total of 600 serum samples and 150 brain tissue samples were collected from six administrative regions in tropical China, and assayed for T. gondii antibodies by Indirect Haemagglutination (IHA) test. Genomic DNA was extracted from the 30 brain tissues of seropositive geese and T. gondii B1 gene was amplified using a semi-nested PCR. DNA samples giving positive B1 amplification were then genetically characterized using multi-locus PCR-RFLP. Overall, 17% (95% CI: 14-20) of the animals were positive for T. gondii antibodies. Presence of cats in the household (odds ratio, OR 3), hygiene (OR 2.3) and presence of stray cat around the house (OR 2.3) were considered as main risk factors associated with T. gondii infection. Of 30 DNA samples, three were positive for the T. gondii B1 gene, two showed complete genotyping results. Only one genotype (type II) was identified. Conclusions:The results of the present survey indicated the presence of T. gondii infection in geese in tropical China. Therefore, it is imperative that improved integrated measures be carried out to prevent and control T. gondii infection in geese in this province. This is the first report documenting the occurrence of T. gondii genotype in geese in China.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence, risk factors and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic geese ( Anser domestica ) in tropical China

Rong

Zhou

Hou

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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“…On the other hand, the participation of cats in environmental contamination by oocysts is well known (MONTOYA & LIESENFELD, 2004) and Millar et al (2012) described an association between high prevalence of positive chickens and the presence of cats. According to Beltrame et al (2012), variations in the seropositivity of chickens for T. gondii may be related to the presence of cats on farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in free-range chickens in the semiarid region of Brazil

Sá

Ribeiro-Andrade

Silva

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This study aimed to investigate the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in serum from 629 chickens on 39 family farms in seven municipalities in the semiarid region, Pernambuco, Brazil, and to identify risk factors associated with T. gondii infection. The risk factors were studied in 421 samples from 29 farms. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were investigated by indirect fluorescent antibody test with a 1:16 cutoff. The frequency of positive chickens was 27.9% (176/629) and 94.8% of the farms studied had chickens infected by T. gondii. Multivariate analysis showed variables significantly associated with anti-T. gondii antibodies in serum: slaughter of animals on the farm, reproductive disorders in sheep, consumption of fetal adnexa and placentas by chickens, presence of sheep in the property and birth of sheep the property. The results suggest that there is a complex relationship between general management practices for different animal species raised on the same farm and the prevalence of T. gondii infection in chickens. In addition, the results draw attention to the risk of human infection by T. gondii via consumption of infected chicken meat, because the farming conditions and the low human development indices observed in the region studied result in inappropriate meat preparation practices.

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“…These animals eat food directly off the ground and the probability of infection through ingestion of T. gondii oocysts is therefore high (Dubey, 2010). In addition, the direct detection of oocysts in soil by laboratory techniques is difficult and only 1% of cats excretes oocysts at any time (Beltrame et al, 2012). The importance of free-range chick- ens for the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis is also related to the fact that their meat is a source of infection for humans and other animals (Hill and Dubey, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of the environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii by georeferencing isolates from chickens in an endemic area in Southeast Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Alves¹,

Amendoeira²,

Boechat³

et al. 2015

Geospat Health

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The environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii in an endemic area in Brazil was mapped by georeferencing isolates from chickens in farms in the Southeast of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Tissue samples obtained from 153 adult chickens were analyzed by the mouse bioassay for T. gondii infection. These animals were reared free-range on 51 farms in the municipalities of Rio Bonito and Maricá. The ArcGIS kernel density estimator based on the frequency of T. gondii-positive chickens was used to map the environmental contamination with this parasite. A questionnaire was applied to obtain data on the presence and management of cats and the type of water consumed. Of the farms studied, 64.7% were found to be located in areas of low to medium presence of T. gondii, 27.5% in areas with a high or very high contamination level and 7.8% in non-contaminated areas. Additionally, 70.6% kept cats, 66.7% were near water sources and 45.0% were in or near dense vegetation. Humans used untreated water for drinking on 41.2% of the farms, while all animals were given untreated water. The intensity of environmental T. gondii contamination was significantly higher on farms situated at a distance >500 m from water sources (P=0.007) and near (≤500 m) dense vegetation (P=0.003). Taken together, the results indicate a high probability of T. gondii infection of humans and animals living on the farms studied. The kernel density estimator obtained based on the frequency of chickens testing positive for T. gondii in the mouse bioassay was useful to map environmental contamination with this parasite.

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Seroprevalence and isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from free-range chickens from Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Seroprevalence, risk factors and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic geese ( Anser domestica ) in tropical China

Seroprevalence, risk factors and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in domestic geese ( Anser domestica ) in tropical China

Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in free-range chickens in the semiarid region of Brazil

Mapping of the environmental contamination of Toxoplasma gondii by georeferencing isolates from chickens in an endemic area in Southeast Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

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