Serological reactions to Nocardia antigens

Humphreys, Donald W.; Crowder, Jackson G.; White, Alexander D.

doi:10.1097/00000441-197505000-00005

Cited by 31 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…These assays proved to be nonspecific, showing positive results for patients with mycobacterial disease. They were also proven to be inadequate for diagnosis of disease in patients with a diminished immune response (16,85).…”

Section: Identification Procedures (I) Biochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Laboratory Features of theNocardiaspp. Based on Current Molecular Taxonomy

et al. 2006

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SUMMARY The recent explosion of newly described species of Nocardia results from the impact in the last decade of newer molecular technology, including PCR restriction enzyme analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing. These molecular techniques have revolutionized the identification of the nocardiae by providing rapid and accurate identification of recognized nocardiae and, at the same time, revealing new species and a number of yet-to-be-described species. There are currently more than 30 species of nocardiae of human clinical significance, with the majority of isolates being N. nova complex, N. abscessus, N. transvalensis complex, N. farcinica, N. asteroides type VI (N. cyriacigeorgica), and N. brasiliensis. These species cause a wide variety of diseases and have variable drug susceptibilities. Accurate identification often requires referral to a reference laboratory with molecular capabilities, as many newer species are genetically distinct from established species yet have few or no distinguishing phenotypic characteristics. Correct identification is important in deciding the clinical relevance of a species and in the clinical management and treatment of patients with nocardial disease. This review characterizes the currently known pathogenic species of Nocardia, including clinical disease, drug susceptibility, and methods of identification.

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Section: Identification Procedures (I) Biochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Laboratory Features of theNocardiaspp. Based on Current Molecular Taxonomy

et al. 2006

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“…Skin antigen tests, complement fixation tests and agglutination tests have so far proved unreliable. Cross reactivity of Nocardia antigens and other antigens [4] may account for the misleading strongly positive fluorescent amoebic fluorescent antibody test in our case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Abdominal nocardiosis in a Sudanese girl

et al. 1983

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A Sudanese girl became desperately ill with liver and kidney abscesses due to Nocardia asteroides. She did not have pulmonary or cutaneous infection. She recovered after surgical drainage of the abscesses and prolonged treatment with intravenous amikacin and high dosage cotrimoxazole and sulphadimidine. After recovery normal neutrophil function, cell-mediated and humoral immunity were demonstrated.

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“…Noncultural techniques to identify Nocardia using serology and skin testing have been available for nearly three decades [108][109][110][111][112] but have not been standardized and their clinical value is questionable. Pier and Enright 113 pioneered efforts to develop serological studies to detect nocardiosis in cattle and documented complement fixation (CF) antibodies to crude, extracellular antigens derived from N. asteroides.…”

Section: Noninvasive Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%