Serological prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats (Belém, Pará, Brazil)

Rocha, Katarine de Souza; Lima, Michele de Souza; Monteiro, Thamillys Rayssa Marques; Honorio, Betsy Emely Tavares; Pinho, Ana Paula Vilhena Beckman; Paz, Giselle Souza da; Scofield, Alessandra; Cavalcante, Gustavo Góes; Magalhães-Matos, Paulo César; Sampaio, Francisco Dantas; Abel, Ísis; Langoni, Hélio; Moraes, Carla Cristina Guimarães de

doi:10.1590/s1984-29612020038

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The seropositivity observed in feral cats herein was significantly higher than the 16.3% (46/282) observed in owned cats in the same city [38] but lower than the 84.4% (49/58) found in other Paraná state areas. In addition, 21.92% (98/447) of domestic cats were seropositive in northern Brazil, with a statistically significant association between age and serology among cats over 1 year old [39]. Contact with cats or with soil containing infective T. gondii oocysts has already been established as a risk factor for toxoplasmosis [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis Behind Bars: One Health Approach on Serosurvey Dynamics and Associated Risk Factors for Women Inmates, Correctional Officers, and In-Prison Feral Cats

Luís Brucinski Pinto,

Alvares Santarém,

Ribeiro

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Brazil holds the third highest general and fifth female incarcerated population worldwide. Despite the incarceration ecosystem that may favor the spreading of zoonotic diseases, particularly when unattended animals are present, no comprehensive study has focused on toxoplasmosis dynamics in such environment. Accordingly, the present study has aimed to serologically assess anti-Toxoplasma gondii (IgG) antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test in inmates, correctional officers, and feral cats at the Women’s State Penitentiary of Parana, southern Brazil. In overall, 230/506 (45.5%; CI 95%: 41.2–49.8) incarcerated women, 31/91 (34.1%; 95% CI: 25.2–44.3) correctional officers, and 23/39 (59.0%; CI 95%: 43.2–72.9) cats were seropositive to anti-T. gondii antibodies. Logistic regression revealed that seropositivity likelihood increased with consumption of raw meat (p=0.040) and decreased with elementary educational level (p=0.001). No statistical difference was found comparing seropositivity between inmates and correctional officers (p=0.057). As women inmates have been considered among the most vulnerable groups in disease morbidity and mortality, seropositivity observed herein may be directly related to vulnerability and high T. gondii oocyst exposure dispersed in cat feces during incarceration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasmosis Behind Bars: One Health Approach on Serosurvey Dynamics and Associated Risk Factors for Women Inmates, Correctional Officers, and In-Prison Feral Cats

Luís Brucinski Pinto,

Alvares Santarém,

Ribeiro

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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“…This questionnaire included epidemiological variables related to general information about the animal's lifestyle and management. To identify possible risk factors for T. gondii infection in these animals, the following variables were selected: sex [52,86], age [5,65], breed [6,56], street access [9,67], contact with cats [12,66], presence of rodents [48], type of food (dry and wet commercial food, meat and embedded, homemade food, offal and other types of food, like fruits and vegetables) [14,79] and water source for animals' consumption [8].…”

Section: Epidemiological Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii in domiciled dogs and cats in urban areas of Brazil: risk factors and spatial distribution

et al. 2021

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Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent zoonotic parasite in Brazil capable of infecting mammals and birds. The increase in the urban populations of pets and the narrowing of the human–animal relationship can facilitate the transmission of important public health zoonoses, such as toxoplasmosis. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and spatial distribution of T. gondii infection and its risk factors in domiciled dogs and cats attended at the Jorge Vaitsman Institute, Rio de Janeiro. Serum samples from 400 dogs and 272 cats were evaluated by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies. Epidemiological questionnaires were used to interview the animals’ owners to identify risk factors for infection. Of the total, 34% (136/400) of dogs and 8.1% (22/272) of cats had anti-T. gondii antibodies. Breed (OR: 2.10–95%, CI 1.27–3.46) was a risk factor for dogs, while sex (OR: 3.40–95%, CI 1.10–10.52) and homemade food consumption (OR: 8.49–95%, CI 2.48–29.05) were risk factors for cats. Offal consumption was considered a risk factor for both species evaluated (OR: 2.74–95%, CI 1.38–5.43 for dogs; OR: 7.66–95%, CI 1.24–47.29 for cats). The spatial analysis showed that T. gondii seropositive animals were widely distributed in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro state, with a concentration observed mainly in the west and north zones of Rio de Janeiro city. The results emphasize the importance of adopting prophylactic measures to control T. gondii transmission in domiciled dogs and cats in Rio de Janeiro, contributing positively to public health.

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“…In humans, besides ingestion of cysts, transmission can also occur through sporulated oocysts from feces of infected cats in the environment and transplacentally (tachyzoites) [7,23]. Risk factors associated with feline infection are sex, age, eating habits, coexistence with other species, and consumption of raw and undercooked meat and contaminated water [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoepidemiology, seroprevalence and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in domicilied cats from Paraíba (Brazil)

Fernandes,

de Melo Alves,

Silva

et al. 2024

Parasite

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Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis, an emerging and often neglected zoonosis in South America, particularly Brazil. Felines, the only definitive hosts, excrete oocysts in their feces, potentially infecting all homeotherms. Domestic cats are primarily responsible for contaminating human environments with these oocysts. Monitoring their populations is therefore essential to ensure proper toxoplasmosis prophylaxis. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of T. gondii and exposure factors in a population of owner cats in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. A total of 267 blood samples were collected from domestic cats aged between 1 and 15 years and tested with an immunofluorescence antibody test. The seroprevalence of antibodies against T. gondii was only 17.22% (46/267 individuals). This result therefore suggests a low contribution of domestic cats to T. gondii contamination of the urban environment. The cats’ age and living environment were identified as risk factors for cat exposure to T. gondii.

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Serological prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cats (Belém, Pará, Brazil)

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Toxoplasmosis Behind Bars: One Health Approach on Serosurvey Dynamics and Associated Risk Factors for Women Inmates, Correctional Officers, and In-Prison Feral Cats

Toxoplasmosis Behind Bars: One Health Approach on Serosurvey Dynamics and Associated Risk Factors for Women Inmates, Correctional Officers, and In-Prison Feral Cats

Toxoplasma gondii in domiciled dogs and cats in urban areas of Brazil: risk factors and spatial distribution

Geoepidemiology, seroprevalence and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in domicilied cats from Paraíba (Brazil)

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