Serological Evidence of an Early Seroconversion to Simian Virus 40 in Healthy Children and Adolescents

Taronna, Angelo; Mazzoni, Elisa; Corallini, Alfredo; Bononi, Ilaria; Pietrobon, Silvia; Guerra, Giovanni; Palmonari, Caterina; Borgna‐Pignatti, Caterina; Comar, Manola; Bovenzi, Massimo; Casali, Ferruccio; Marci, Roberto; Rezza, Giovanni; Barbanti‐Brodano, Giuseppe; Tognon, Mauro; Martini, Fernanda

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061182

Cited by 28 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Molecular biology and immunological investigations reported on the presence of SV40 footprints in samples from healthy subjects and patients who had not administered with SV40-contaminated vaccines (24, 26). These studies indicate that the human-to-human contagion could be responsible of the SV40 infection in the human population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

et al. 2017

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Simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen (LT) coding sequences were revealed in different human samples, whereas SV40 antibodies (Ab) were detected in human sera of cancer patients and healthy individuals, although with a lower prevalence. Previous studies carried out by the neutralization assay gave a SV40 seroprevalence, in the general population, up to 8%, although higher rates, 12%, were detected in kidney transplant children, in a group of HIV-positive patients, and in healthy females. In this study, serum samples from pregnant women, together with those from non-pregnant women, were analyzed to check the prevalence of IgG Ab reacting to SV40 LT antigens. Serum samples were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant women, with the same mean age. Women were in the range of 15–48 years old. Samples were assayed by an indirect ELISA employing specific SV40 LT mimotopes as antigens, whereas functional analysis was performed by neutralization of the viral infectivity in cell cultures. As a control, sera were analyzed for Ab against BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), which is a human polyomavirus homologous to SV40. Statistical analyses employed chi-square with Yates’ correction, and Student’s t tests. Indirect ELISAs indicated that pregnant women tested SV40 LT-positive with a prevalence of 17% (23/134), whereas non-pregnant women had a prevalence of 20% (36/180) (P > 0.05). Ab against BKPyV were detected with a prevalence of 80% in pregnant women and with a prevalence of 78% in non-pregnant women. These data indicate that SV40 infects at a low prevalence pregnant women. We may speculate that SV40, or a close human polyomavirus still undetected, could be transmitted from mother to fetus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

et al. 2017

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“…Previous ELISA results indicated that the two SV40 peptides did not cross-react with the BKV and JCV hyperimmune sera that were employed as controls [20], [22]. The two peptides belong to the VP1/VP2/VP3 viral capsid proteins (VP1 ID: 1489598); VP3 ID: 9486895; web site, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BKV and JCV hyperimmune rabbit sera did not react with VP1 B or VP2/3 C peptides (negative control sera). The amino acid residues of the two specific SV40 VP peptides show low homology with the BKV, JCV and other polyomaviruses VPs [20], [22]. The characterization of these two peptides were published before [20], [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significant Low Prevalence of Antibodies Reacting with Simian Virus 40 Mimotopes in Serum Samples from Patients Affected by Inflammatory Neurologic Diseases, Including Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2014

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Many investigations were carried out on the association between viruses and multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, early studies reported the detections of neurotropic virus footprints in the CNS of patients with MS. In this study, sera from patients affected by MS, other inflammatory (OIND) and non-inflammatory neurologic diseases (NIND) were analyzed for antibodies against the polyomavirus, Simian Virus 40 (SV40). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with two synthetic peptides, which mimic SV40 antigens, was employed to detect specific antibodies in sera from patients affected by MS, OIND, NIND and healthy subjects (HS). Immunologic data indicate that in sera from MS patients antibodies against SV40 mimotopes are detectable with a low prevalence, 6%, whereas in HS of the same mean age, 40 yrs, the prevalence was 22%. The difference is statistically significant (P = 0.001). Significant is also the difference between MS vs. NIND patients (6% vs. 17%; P = 0.0254), whereas no significant difference was detected between MS vs OIND (6% vs 10%; P>0.05). The prevalence of SV40 antibodies in MS patients is 70% lower than that revealed in HS.

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“…Recently, an indirect ELISA using synthetic peptides to SV40 capsid viral protein 1–3 epitopes has been utilized to screen healthy children and adolescents for exposure to SV40. 58 Results have indicated that; (i) SV40 infection is not widespread (16% prevalence of IgG antibody); (ii) IgM antibodies can be detected in 6–8 month old children, indicating that seroconversion can occur early in life; and (iii) that SV40 is circulating in the human population independent of SV40-contaminated vaccination. One caveat for this is that serological data for SV40 may be due to cross-reactivity to an, as yet undiscovered, human polyomavirus that is closely related to SV40.…”

Section: Kaposi Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serodiagnosis for Tumor Viruses

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Labò

Miley

et al. 2015

Seminars in Oncology

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The known human tumor viruses include the DNA viruses Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis B virus. RNA tumor viruses include Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 and hepatitis C virus. The serological identification of antigens/antibodies in plasma serum is a rapidly progressing field with utility for both scientists and clinicians. Serology is useful for conducting seroepidemiology studies and to inform on the pathogenesis and host immune response to a particular viral agent. Clinically, serology is useful for diagnosing current or past infection and for aiding in clinical management decisions. Serology is useful for screening blood donations for infectious agents and for monitoring the outcome of vaccination against these viruses. Serodiagnosis of human tumor viruses has improved in recent years with increased specificity and sensitivity of the assays, as well as reductions in cost and the ability to assess multiple antibody/antigens in single assays. Serodiagnosis of tumor viruses plays an important role in our understanding of the prevalence and transmission of these viruses and ultimately in the ability to develop treatments/preventions for these globally important diseases.

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Serological Evidence of an Early Seroconversion to Simian Virus 40 in Healthy Children and Adolescents

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

Significant Low Prevalence of Antibodies Reacting with Simian Virus 40 Mimotopes in Serum Samples from Patients Affected by Inflammatory Neurologic Diseases, Including Multiple Sclerosis

Serodiagnosis for Tumor Viruses

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