Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

Mazzoni, Elisa; Stefano, Mariantonietta Di; Fiore, J. R.; Destro, Federica; Manfrini, Marco; Rotondo, John Charles; Casali, Maria Vittoria; Vesce, Fortunato; Greco, Pantaleo; Scutiero, Gennaro; Martini, Fernanda; Tognon, Mauro

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00411

Cited by 14 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…It is worth noting that in previous immunological studies with HS sera, in which the same indirect ELISA with SV40 Tag mimotopes A and D was employed, the prevalence of SV40 Tag antibodies did not differ substantially in the different cohorts of HS (HS 1–4) analyzed, being in the range of 19–22% (Tognon et al, 2016 ; Mazzoni et al, 2017a , b , c ). In this study, the prevalence in HS was 23%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…These results suggest that in OS patients the prevalence of SV40 Tag serum IgG antibodies is significantly higher than in HS ( * P < 0.05) (Barbanti-Brodano et al, 1998 ; Knowles et al, 2003 ; Viscidi et al, 2003 ). It has been reported that SV40 could be transmitted through contact in the home environment, as well as other communities (Tognon et al, 2016 ; Mazzoni et al, 2017a , c ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Antibodies Against Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein, in Osteosarcoma Patients

Mazzoni

Bononi

Benassi

et al. 2018

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Human osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare human cancer, mostly occurring in children and adolescents. Simian virus 40 (SV40 = Macaca mulatta polyomavirus 1) sequences have been detected in different human cancers, including osteosarcoma. SV40 is an oncogenic virus in vivo, whereas it transforms different kinds of mammalian cells, as well as distinct human cell types. SV40 injected in rodents induces tumors of different histotypes, such as bone and brain tumors. Herein, the association between OS and SV40 large T antigen (Tag) was studied by employing indirect ELISAs using synthetic peptides that mimic different epitopes of the SV40 Tag, the viral oncoprotein. Indirect ELISAs were used to detect serum IgG antibodies against this oncogenic virus in samples from OS patients. Controls were sera from healthy subjects (HS) and oncological patients affect by breast cancer (BC), which is not associated with SV40. It turned out that sera of OS patients had a higher prevalence of SV40 Tag antibodies, 35%, compared to HS, 20% and BC, 19%, respectively. The different prevalence of SV40 Tag antibodies revealed in OS vs. HS and vs. BC is statistically significant with P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively. Our immunological data indicate a significantly higher prevalence of antibodies against SV40 Tag epitopes in serum samples from OS patients compared to HS and BC, the controls. These results suggest an association between OS and SV40 Tag, indicating that this oncogenic virus may be a cofactor in OS development.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Antibodies Against Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein, in Osteosarcoma Patients

Mazzoni

Bononi

Benassi

et al. 2018

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Statistical analyses were performed using Graph Pad Prism version 5.0 for Windows (Graph Pad, La Jolla, CA, USA) [55,56]. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Human Papillomavirus DNA loads in Inflammatory Middle Ear Diseases

et al. 2020

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Background. Previous studies reported human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in middle ear tumors, whereas these viruses have been poorly investigated in chronic inflammatory middle ear diseases. We investigated HPVs in non-tumor middle ear diseases, including chronic otitis media (COM). Methods. COM specimens (n = 52), including chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) (n =38) and cholesteatoma (COMC) (n = 14), as well as normal middle ear (NME) specimens (n = 56) were analyzed. HPV sequences and DNA loads were analyzed by quantitative-PCR. HPV genotyping was performed by direct sequencing. Results. HPV DNA was detected in 23% (12/52) of COM and in 30.4% (17/56) of NME (p > 0.05). Specifically, HPV DNA sequences were found in 26.3% (10/38) of CSOM and in 14.3% (2/14) of COMC (p > 0.05). Interestingly, the HPV DNA load was higher in COMC (mean 7.47 copy/cell) than in CSOM (mean 1.02 copy/cell) and NME (mean 1.18 copy/cell) (P = 0.03 and P = 0.017 versus CSOM and NME, respectively). HPV16 and HPV18 were the main genotypes detected in COMC, CSOM and NME. Conclusions. These data suggest that HPV may infect the middle ear mucosa, whereas HPV-positive COMCs are associated with higher viral DNA loads as compared to NME.Pathogens 2020, 9, 224 2 of 10 mucosa sampled from CSOM patients [11]. However, the etiology of CSOM remains to be determined. The relationship between HPV infection and inflammation has been previously reported [12]. It has been shown that persistent infection with high-risk HPVs leads to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and MIP-1α [13]. In addition, high-risk HPV type 16 (HPV16) is able to increase the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a key enzyme in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are important mediators of inflammation [14,15]. Until now, only a single study has reported HPV DNA sequences in CSOM, whereby different HPV genotypes, including HPV16, HPV18 and HPV6, have been detected in 30.7% of CSOM [4].COMC is a form of expanding growth consisting of keratinizing squamous cell epithelium [16]. There is great interest in the etiopathogenesis of HPV-associated cholesteatoma because HPV commonly infects the stratified epithelium [17,18]. However, conflicting data have been reported for HPV in COMC [10,[19][20][21]. HPV sequences have been detected in COMC with different prevalence, ranging from 3% to 70% [10,[19][20][21]. Moreover, no specific HPV genotypes have been associated with COMC, as high-and low-risk HPVs, such as HPV16, HPV18 and HPV6 and HPV11, have been detected [10,[19][20][21].There is emerging evidence that HPV infection can occur in different anatomical sites. Since HPV infects epithelia [22], all anatomical sites covered with epithelial tissue are potentially exposed to HPV infection. Apart from pluristratified tissues of the cervix [23], vulva [24] and oral pharynx [25], HPV sequences have been detected in simple epithelia from several anatomical sites such as lung [26], upper respiratory tract [27], larynx [28] and nose [29]. Since the middle ear muc...

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“…Human serum samples from children and adolescents, diluted in low cross‐buffer pH 7.2 (Candor Bioscience) at 1:20, were added to the plate. Different wells were covered with diluted sera; (a) the positive control represented by the immune rabbit serum containing anti‐SV40 Tag antibodies (Ab); (b) the negative controls were immune sera with anti‐BKPyV and anti‐JCPyV Ab, and (c) three human serum samples tested SV40 Tag‐negative in earlier studies (Mazzoni et al, ; Mazzoni, Di Stefano, et al, ; Tognon et al, ). Additional control was 100 μl of low cross‐buffer pH 7.2 void of both primary and secondary Ab.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies reacting to mimotopes of Simian virus 40 large T antigen, the viral oncoprotein, in sera from children

Mazzoni

Frontini

Rotondo

et al. 2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Recent data indicate that the Simian virus 40 (SV40) infection appears to be transmitted in humans independently from early SV40-contaminated antipolio vaccines. Serum antibodies against SV40 large T antigen (Tag) were analyzed in children/adolescents and young adults. To investigate antibodies reacting to SV40 Tag antigens, serum samples (n = 812) from children and young adults were analyzed by indirect ELISAs using specific SV40 Tag mimotopes. Mimotopes were synthetic peptides corresponding to SV40 Tag epitopes. In sera (n = 412) from healthy children up to 17 years old, IgG antibodies against SV40 Tag mimotopes reached an overall prevalence of 15%. IgM antibodies against SV40 Tag were detected in sera of children 6-8 months old confirming and extending the knowledge that SV40 seroconversion occurs early in life. In children/adolescents affected by different diseases (n = 180) SV40 Tag had a prevalence of 18%, being the difference no significant compared to healthy subjects (n = 220; 16%) of the same age. Our immunological data indicate that SV40 circulates in children and young adults, both in healthy conditions and affected by distinct diseases. The IgM detection in sera from healthy children suggests that the SV40 infection/seroconversion occurs early in life (>6 months). Our immunological data support the hypothesis that SV40, or a closely related still unknown polyomavirus, infects humans. The SV40 seroprevalence is lower than common polyomaviruses, such as BKPyV and JCPyV, and other new human polyomaviruses. In addition, our immunological surveillance indicates a lack of association between different diseases, considered herein, and SV40.

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Serum IgG Antibodies from Pregnant Women Reacting to Mimotopes of Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein

Cited by 14 publications

References 52 publications

Serum Antibodies Against Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein, in Osteosarcoma Patients

Serum Antibodies Against Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen, the Viral Oncoprotein, in Osteosarcoma Patients

High Human Papillomavirus DNA loads in Inflammatory Middle Ear Diseases

Antibodies reacting to mimotopes of Simian virus 40 large T antigen, the viral oncoprotein, in sera from children

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