Serological discrimination of HTLV I and II infection in Melanesia

Yanagihara, Richard; Jenkins, C. E.; Ajdukiewicz, AndrewB; Lal, R. B.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)91684-m

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is estimated that the separation of African and non-African human populations occurred around 75,000 to 287,000 years ago 28 , 112 , with gene flow occurring from pygmies to neighboring populations 28 . HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections among pygmies are the oldest, and although frequent transmission of simian T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (STLV-1) from apes to humans in Africa could suggest that these infections were the result of interspecies transmissions over the years 87 , 90 , 115 , 130 , the absence of non-human primates in Melanesia and Australia suggests that HTLV-1 existed among the Australoid people who first populated Australo-Melanesia around 60,000 years ago 56 , 135 .…”

Section: Origin Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Americasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (Htlv-1) and Type 2 (Htlv-2) Among Indigenous Populations in the Americas

Paiva

Casseb

2015

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is found in indigenous peoples of the Pacific Islands and the Americas, whereas type 2 (HTLV-2) is widely distributed among the indigenous peoples of the Americas, where it appears to be more prevalent than HTLV-1, and in some tribes of Central Africa. HTLV-2 is considered ancestral in the Americas and is transmitted to the general population and injection drug users from the indigenous population. In the Americas, HTLV-1 has more than one origin, being brought by immigrants in the Paleolithic period through the Bering Strait, through slave trade during the colonial period, and through Japanese immigration from the early 20th century, whereas HTLV-2 was only brought by immigrants through the Bering Strait. The endemicity of HTLV-2 among the indigenous people of Brazil makes the Brazilian Amazon the largest endemic area in the world for its occurrence. A review of HTLV-1 in all Brazilian tribes supports the African origin of HTLV-1 in Brazil. The risk of hyperendemicity in these epidemiologically closed populations and transmission to other populations reinforces the importance of public health interventions for HTLV control, including the recognition of the infection among reportable diseases and events.

show abstract

Section: Origin Of Htlv-1 and Htlv-2 In The Americasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (Htlv-1) and Type 2 (Htlv-2) Among Indigenous Populations in the Americas

Paiva

Casseb

2015

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As evidenced by hydropathy analyses, the envelope structure of these HTLV-I variants, like that of cosmopolitan prototype HTLV-I, is under tight genetic constraint, and few amino acid changes seem compatible with HTLV-I replica- (36).…”

Section: Gp46 -Gp21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly divergent molecular variants of human T-lymphotropic virus type I from isolated populations in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

Gessian

Yanagihara

Franchini

et al. 1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To determine the molecular genetic relationship between Melanesian strains of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and cosmopolitan prototype HTLV-I, we amplified by PCR, then cloned, and sequenced a 522-base-pair region of the HTLV-I env gene in DNA extracted from uncultured (fresh) and cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from six seropositive Melanesian Papua New Guineans and Solomon Islanders, including a Solomon Islander with HTLV-I myeloneuropathy. Unlike isolates of HTLV-I from Japan, the West Indies, the Americas, and Africa, which share .97% sequence homology, the Melanesian strains of HTLV-I were only 91.8%-92.5% identical with a prototype Japanese HTLV-IATK-I. The nucleotide sequence of proviral DNA from the Solomon Islander with HTLV

show abstract

“…Thus both assays yielded results consistent with our knowledge of the specific viruses endemic in these populations. We have recently shown that the synthetic peptide assays were also capable of correctly identifying HTLV-I in serum specimens from Papua, New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands (30).…”

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic peptide-based immunoassays for distinguishing between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II infections in seropositive individuals

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Until now, serologic tests that distinguish the closely related human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I (HTLV-I) and II (HTLV-II) infections have not been available. Synthetic peptide assays, employing peptides derived from the core and envelope proteins of HTLV-I and HTLV-II (SynthEIA and Select-HTLV tests), were evaluated for the ability to serologically discriminate HTLV-I and HTLV-II infections. Of 32 HTLV-Iand 57 HTLV-II-positive serum specimens from individuals whose infections were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, the SynthEIA test categorized 29 (91%) as HTLV-I and 50 (88%) as HTLV-II, and 10 (11%) were nontypeable. In contrast, the Select-HTLV test categorized 32 (100%) as HTLV-I and 55 (96%) as HTLV-II, and 2 (2%) were nontypeable. The specificity of both the assays in seropositive serum specimens was 100% in that none of the specimens were incorrectly classified. Additional serum specimens obtained from clinically diseased patients from the United States (n = 8) and asymptomatic carriers and patients from Japan (an endemic population for HTLV-I; n = 40) were categorized as HTLV-I by at least one of the assays, while serum specimens from Guaymi Indians from Panama (an endemic population for HTLV-II; n = 13) were categorized as HTLV-II. Thus, peptide enzyme immunoassays appear to represent a simple technique employing chemically synthesized antigens for discrimination between antibodies of HTLV-I and HTLV-II.

show abstract

Serological discrimination of HTLV I and II infection in Melanesia

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Origin and Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (Htlv-1) and Type 2 (Htlv-2) Among Indigenous Populations in the Americas

Origin and Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (Htlv-1) and Type 2 (Htlv-2) Among Indigenous Populations in the Americas

Highly divergent molecular variants of human T-lymphotropic virus type I from isolated populations in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

Synthetic peptide-based immunoassays for distinguishing between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and type II infections in seropositive individuals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About