Serological Detection of Ebola Virus Exposures in Native Non-human Primates of Southern Nigeria

Ogunro, Bamidele Nyemike; Olugasa, Babasola; Verschoor, Ernst J.; Olarinmoye, Ayodeji Oluwadare; Theyse, I.; Niphuis, Henk

doi:10.1016/j.jegh.2018.05.001

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Immunoprevalence of anti-EBOV IgG in blood samples of great apes born in nature in Gabon but subsequently reared in captivity was 4.13%, with the same study finding a slightly higher prevalence in Cameroon (17.6%) and the DRC (14.3%) [19]. A 2018 Nigerian study reported a seroprevalence of 2.1% in blood samples from monkeys [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Analyses of blood or fecal samples in wild and captive NHPs, using diverse detection methods such as immunofluorescence assays, ELISA, and Western blots, report EBOV antibodies being present in up to 17.6% of samples tested [18][19][20][21]. These findings suggest that great apes are exposed to EBOV and that post-epidemic circulation may continue in some areas, as well as in areas where no outbreak has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Ebola Virus Antibodies in Fecal Samples of Great Apes in Gabon

Mombo

Fritz

Becquart

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Based on a large study conducted on wild great ape fecal samples collected in regions of Gabon where previous human outbreaks of Ebola virus disease have occurred between 1994 and 2002, we provide evidence for prevalence of Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV)-specific antibodies of 3.9% (immunoglobulin G (IgG)) and 3.5% (immunoglobulin M (IgM)) in chimpanzees and 8.8% (IgG) and 2.4% (IgM) in gorillas. Importantly, we observed a high local prevalence (31.2%) of anti-EBOV IgG antibodies in gorilla samples. This high local rate of positivity among wild great apes raises the question of a spatially and temporally localized increase in EBOV exposure risk and the role that can be played by these animals as sentinels of the virus’s spread or reemergence in a given area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Ebola Virus Antibodies in Fecal Samples of Great Apes in Gabon

Mombo

Fritz

Becquart

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Indirect ELISA using Ebola virus-specific antibody identified three different non-human primates having Ebola virus antibodies. The findings of this study suggested that contact or confrontation of the human population living in the region with non-human primates may put the human population at risk of disease contraction [136].…”

Section: Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 77%

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in China, which causes COVID-19 disease in humans, and its current spread to several countries, leading to the first pandemic in history to be caused by a coronavirus, highlights the significance of zoonotic viral diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, and influenza viruses among many other viruses have been reported from different African countries. The paucity of information, lack of knowledge, limited resources, and climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make the African continent a hotspot for vector-borne and zoonotic viral diseases, which may spread globally. Currently, there is no information available on the status of virus diseases in Africa. This systematic review highlights the available information about viral diseases, including zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, reported in Africa. The findings will help us understand the trend of emerging and re-emerging virus diseases within the African continent. The findings recommend active surveillance of viral diseases and strict implementation of One Health measures in Africa to improve human public health and reduce the possibility of potential pandemics due to zoonotic viruses.

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“…Table 1 lists the distribution of sampled animals among the species. Capture, restraint, and specimen collection from monkeys was as previously described [14].…”

Section: H I G H L I G H T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Antibody and Antigen for Lassa Virus Nucleoprotein in Monkeys from Southern Nigeria

Ogunro¹,

Olugasa²,

Kayode³

et al. 2019

JEGH

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Lassa fever is a deadly viral haemorrhagic fever caused by Lassa Virus (LASV). Rodents, especially, Mystomys natalensis , are the known reservoirs of LASV and humans are the defined hosts. Monkeys share many illnesses with humans and experimental LASV infections in monkeys are fatal but natural LASV infection of monkeys has not been reported. Serum samples obtained between August 2015 and December 2017 from 62 monkeys belonging to six species in Southern Nigeria were tested for LASV as part of an ongoing surveillance of monkeys in the region for zoonotic pathogens. Commercially available Recombinant LASV (ReLASV) Pan-Lassa enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits (Zalgen Labs, Germantown, MD, USA) were used to detect antibodies (IgG and IgM) and antigen specific for LASV nucleoprotein in the sera. Lassa-fever-specific IgG and IgM, and antigen specific for LASV nucleoprotein were detected in 5/62, 0/62, and 1/62 samples, respectively. The presence of LASV-specific antibodies in the sera suggests natural exposure to the virus, while the presence of LASV antigen may mean that monkeys are carriers of the virus. There is a need to broaden Lassa fever surveillance to include nonhuman primates (NHPs) for their probable role in the epidemiology of the disease. HIGHLIGHTS Rodents are the natural reservoirs of Lassa fever virus (LASV) and humans are the defined hosts. Experimental LASV infections in non-human primates (NHP) are fatal but natural infection of NHP with the virus have not been reported. We detected antigen and antibody specific for LASV in free-living Monkeys from southern Nigeria which implies that monkeys in the region are naturally exposed to LASV and are probable carriers of the virus.

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Serological Detection of Ebola Virus Exposures in Native Non-human Primates of Southern Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Detection of Ebola Virus Antibodies in Fecal Samples of Great Apes in Gabon

Detection of Ebola Virus Antibodies in Fecal Samples of Great Apes in Gabon

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

Detection of Antibody and Antigen for Lassa Virus Nucleoprotein in Monkeys from Southern Nigeria

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