Serological and Virological Analysis of Maternal and Fetal Blood Samples in Prenatal Human Parvovirus B19 Infection

Abstract

The lack of B19V-IgG in fetuses with B19V-derived anemia or hydrops is most likely due to a limited materno-fetal transfer of IgG and a poor fetal antibody response. Fetal B19V infection is poorly controlled in the absence of specific antibodies.

The effects of co-infection with human parvovirus B19 and Plasmodium falciparum on type and degree of anaemia in Ghanaian children

“…In addition, some case studies have also reported of B19V induced severe anaemia following malaria infection and successful treatment with antimalarials [46][47][48][49][50] . Though it is primarily known to cause erythematous rash, foetal hydrops and other involvements in various haematological disorders, B19V is also involved in other conditions [34,[51][52][53][54][55][56][57] . B19V in many occasions have been reported as a bystander or contributor to many conditions such as hepatitis, myocarditis, arthritis among others [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] .…”

Critical cardiac tamponade in newborn, life-saving emergency interventions and possibility of parvovirus B19 congenital infection

“…Viral transmission may be suspected due to presence of an adverse outcome in baby with PV-B19 IgG present in the fetal serum. The presence of PV-B19 IgG in fetal serum can also be due to placenatal transport of maternal PV-B19 IgG antibodies [10]. There were no PV-B19 IgM antibodies in the neonatal blood of our patient; however this fact does not exclude PV-B19 infection in the fetus.…”

“…There were no PV-B19 IgM antibodies in the neonatal blood of our patient; however this fact does not exclude PV-B19 infection in the fetus. The most likely possibility is immaturity of the fetal immune system, and has been described by other authors, or because PV-B19 IgM antibodies are only detectable for a limited period of time [10]. Moreover PV-B19 IgM antibodies become detectable in the serum at 7-10 days after infection, with the peak at 10-14 days and slow decline afterwards [8,11].…”

“…In our patient PV-B19 DNA was negative, possibly due to long period from the onset of a fetal infection until the diagnosis approaches in our Department; all the tests were performed more than one month after suspected onset of infection and more than two weeks after birth. There is also a possibility, that there are low PV-B19 DNA serum levels in PV-B19 IgG antibodies positive fetuses [10]. Moreover, some authors report that PV-B19 DNA levels in the fetal blood are significantly low in the presence of PV-B19 IgG (viral load inversely correlated with IgG levels).…”

“…Moreover, some authors report that PV-B19 DNA levels in the fetal blood are significantly low in the presence of PV-B19 IgG (viral load inversely correlated with IgG levels). This fact is especially important because lack of PV-B19 IgG antibodies in fetal blood might be associated with an increased risk for adverse fetal outcome [10]. What is positive, among the infected fetuses who survived after birth, there are neither congenital abnormalies nor serious neurodevelopement problems related [3].…”