Serologic Evidence for Exposure to<i>Rickettsia rickettsii</i>in Eastern Arizona and Recent Emergence of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in This Region

Demma, Linda J.; Traeger, Marc; Blau, Dianna M.; Gordon, Rondeen; Johnson, Brian J.; Dickson, Jeff; Ethelbah, Rudy; Piontkowski, Stephen; Levy, Craig; Nicholson, William L.; Duncan, Christopher; Heath, Karen E.; Cheek, James E.; Swerdlow, David L.; McQuiston, Jennifer H.

doi:10.1089/vbz.2006.6.423

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Harrus et al (2007) revealed higher seroprevalence rates among dogs in endemic zones where human disease have been reported. Also studies by Segura Porta et al (1998) and Demma et al (2006) found that canine rickettsioses often precede outbreaks in human populations. Thus, further serological studies on dog population in other provinces should be carried out to identify the possible endemic areas of rickettisioses within the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Serological Evidence for Exposure of Dogs toRickettsia conorii,Rickettsia typhi, andOrientia tsutsugamushiin Sri Lanka

Nanayakkara

Rajapakse

Wickramasinghe

et al. 2013

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vector-borne rickettsial infection is a major cause of febrile illnesses throughout the world. Although vertebrates hosting the vectors play a vital role in the natural cycle of rickettsiae, studies have not been conducted on them in Sri Lanka. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the exposure of dog population in Rajawatta, Thambavita, and areas of the Western Slopes and Unawatuna of Sri Lanka to rickettsial pathogens. A total of 123 dog blood samples were collected from those areas. Samples were tested for antibodies against Rickettsia conorii (RC) of the spotted fever group (SFG), Rickettsia typhi (RT) of the typhus group (TG), and Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT) of the scrub typhus group (ST) of rickettsiae by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFA). Samples with titers ‡ 1:64 were considered as positive in this study. Collectively, 49% dogs were found to have antibodies against the rickettsial agents. Of the dogs, 42%, 24%, and 2% had antibodies against RC, OT, and RT, respectively. The seropositive rate of 100% was observed in areas of the Western Slopes, whereas the lowest rate of 20% was in Unawatuna. Among the positive samples, antibody titers against RC and OT ranged from 1/64 to 1/ 8192. In contrast, the few dogs that tested positive for RT showed very low titers of 1/64 and 1/128. Results of this study show the extent of exposure to the pathogen and its dispersion in the natural ecology. We suggest that dogs could be acting as reservoirs in the rickettsial transmission cycle or could be effective tracer animals that can be used to detect areas with potential for future outbreaks.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Serological Evidence for Exposure of Dogs toRickettsia conorii,Rickettsia typhi, andOrientia tsutsugamushiin Sri Lanka

Nanayakkara

Rajapakse

Wickramasinghe

et al. 2013

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Spotted fever group rickettsioses are emerging worldwide (Parola et al 2005, Jones et al 2008. For example, a cluster of 16 human cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Arizona was associated with an epidemic in dogs and infestation of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Demma et al 2006). In Humboldt County, bears would likely be exposed to rickettsiae via Dermacentor spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic Characteristics and Infectious Diseases of a Population of American Black Bears in Humboldt County, California

Stephenson

Higley²,

Sajecki

et al. 2015

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

American black bears (Ursus americanus) are common, widely distributed, and broad-ranging omnivorous mammals in northern California forests. Bears may be susceptible to pathogens infecting both domestic animals and humans. Monitoring bear populations, particularly in changing ecosystems, is important to understanding ecological features that could affect bear population health and influence the likelihood that bears may cause adverse impacts on humans. In all, 321 bears were captured between May, 2001, and October, 2003, and blood samples were collected and tested for multiple zoonotic and vector-borne diseases. We found a PCR prevalence of 10% for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and a seroprevalence of 28% for Toxoplasma gondii, 26% for Borrelia burgdorferi, 26% for A. phagocytophilum, 8% for Trichinella spiralis, 8% for Francisella tularensis and 1% for Yersinia pestis. In addition, we tested bears for pathogens of domestic dogs and found a seroprevalence of 15% for canine distemper virus and 0.6% for canine parvovirus. Our findings show that black bears can become infected with pathogens that are an important public health concern, as well as pathogens that can affect both domestic animals and other wildlife species.

show abstract

“…14,25 The seasonal variation in RMSF cases from this region may be caused by a different disease ecology in the Southwest. 14,35,36 Specifically, Rh. sanguineus , the tick responsible for transmission in this region, may have a different cycle of peak tick activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Clinical Diagnoses of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever among American Indians, 2001–2008

Folkema

Holman²,

McQuiston³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

American Indians are at greater risk for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) than the general U.S. population. The epidemiology of RMSF among American Indians was examined by using Indian Health Service inpatient and outpatient records with an RMSF International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis. For 2001–2008, 958 American Indian patients with clinical diagnoses of RMSF were reported. The average annual RMSF incidence was 94.6 per 1,000,000 persons, with a significant increasing incidence trend from 24.2 in 2001 to 139.4 in 2008 (P = 0.006). Most (89%) RMSF hospital visits occurred in the Southern Plains and Southwest regions, where the average annual incidence rates were 277.2 and 49.4, respectively. Only the Southwest region had a significant increasing incidence trend (P = 0.005), likely linked to the emergence of brown dog ticks as an RMSF vector in eastern Arizona. It is important to continue monitoring RMSF infection to inform public health interventions that target RMSF reduction in high-risk populations.

show abstract

Serologic Evidence for Exposure toRickettsia rickettsiiin Eastern Arizona and Recent Emergence of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in This Region

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Serological Evidence for Exposure of Dogs toRickettsia conorii,Rickettsia typhi, andOrientia tsutsugamushiin Sri Lanka

Serological Evidence for Exposure of Dogs toRickettsia conorii,Rickettsia typhi, andOrientia tsutsugamushiin Sri Lanka

Demographic Characteristics and Infectious Diseases of a Population of American Black Bears in Humboldt County, California

Trends in Clinical Diagnoses of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever among American Indians, 2001–2008

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About