Serial sectioning in the SEM for three dimensional materials science

Echlin, McLean P.; Burnett, Timothy L.; Polonsky, Andrew; Pollock, Tresa M.; Withers, Philip J.

doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2020.100817

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The indexing accuracy can be further enhanced by collecting and storing raw EBSD patterns, which are later re-indexed using the EMSphInx spherical indexing software. 34 Datasets with volumes approaching 1mm 3 with cubic-micron sized voxels are now readily obtainable, 26 with collection times on the order of days to a week, depending on the data modalities and voxel resolution. The sections are then stacked back together using the conventional filters with the DREAM.3D software.…”

Section: Three-dimensional Ebsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20,21 In parallel, robust 3D microstructure characterization tools have emerged in the past decade, including non-destructive techniques such as high-energy x-ray diffraction using synchrotron sources, 22,23 laboratory-scale diffraction contrast tomography (lab-DCT) and ablation techniques such as EBSD tomography using mechanical polishing (i.e., the Robo-Met system), 24,25 plasma focused ion beams (FIBs) or femtosecond lasers, which involve serial sectioning of the material and data collection on consecutive slices to reconstruct the 3D microstructure. 26 These hardware and software advances have greatly reduced data collection time such that the most time-consuming step is often data analysis. In this context, the aim of the present article is to introduce a multi-modal data-merging technique that enables automated mapping of the micro-mechanical strain field as a function of microstructure and extraction of non-biased correlative statistics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Multi-modal Data Merging Framework for Correlative Investigation of Strain Localization in Three Dimensions

Charpagne

Stinville

Polonsky

et al. 2021

JOM

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A multi-modal data-merging framework that enables the reconstruction of slip bands in three dimensions over millimeter-scale fields of view is presented. The technique combines 3D electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) measurements with high-resolution digital image correlation (HR-DIC) information collected in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). A typical merging workflow involves the segmentation of features within the strain field (slip bands, deformation twins) and the microstructure (grains), alignment of datasets and the projection of slip bands into the 3D microstructure, using the knowledge of the local crystallographic orientation. This method is demonstrated in two materials: a face-centered cubic (FCC) nickel-base superalloy and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) titanium alloy.

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Section: Three-dimensional Ebsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-modal Data Merging Framework for Correlative Investigation of Strain Localization in Three Dimensions

Charpagne

Stinville

Polonsky

et al. 2021

JOM

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“…It has been known for decades that microstructure plays a central role in determining the local onset of yielding and the eventual failure of components, but quantifying cause and effect has been slow due to limitations in experimental and computational capabilities. In recent years, however, the advances in 3D materials science instrumentation [14,27] have enabled researchers to generate mm 3 -scaled multimodal microstructural datasets that in conjunction with finite element methods, link microstructure to properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Metrics of Virtual Polycrystals (MechMet)

Dawson

Miller

Pollock

et al. 2021

Integr Mater Manuf Innov

Self Cite

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The details of polycrystalline microstructure often influence the early stages of yielding and strain localization under monotonic and cyclic loading, particularly in elastically anisotropic materials. A new software package, MechMet (mechanical metrics) provides a convenient finite element tool for solving field equations for elasticity in polycrystals in conjunction with investigations of microstructure-induced heterogeneity. The simulated displacement field is used to compute several mechanical metrics, such as the strain and stress tensors, directional stiffness, relative Schmid factor, and the directional strength-to-stiffness ratio. The virtual polycrystal finite element meshes needed by MechMet can be created with the Neper package or any other method that produces a 10-node, tetrahedral, serendipity element. Formatted output files are automatically generated for visualization with Paraview or VisIt. This paper presents an overview of the MechMet package and its application to polycrystalline materials of both cubic and hexagonal structures.

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“…Therefore, high throughput alloy and inclusion research or quality assurance by EBSD of metallic or other surfaces is enabled by extremely rapid sample preparation using the femtosecond laser, as well as serial slicing over large volumes (Echlin 2020 ) for location and characterization of buried features such as non-metallic inclusions and other buried structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The LaserFIB: new application opportunities combining a high-performance FIB-SEM with femtosecond laser processing in an integrated second chamber

Tordoff

Hartfield

Holwell³

et al. 2020

Appl. Microsc.

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The development of the femtosecond laser (fs laser) with its ability to provide extremely rapid athermal ablation of materials has initiated a renaissance in materials science. Sample milling rates for the fs laser are orders of magnitude greater than that of traditional focused ion beam (FIB) sources currently used. In combination with minimal surface post-processing requirements, this technology is proving to be a game changer for materials research. The development of a femtosecond laser attached to a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope (LaserFIB) enables numerous new capabilities, including access to deeply buried structures as well as the production of extremely large trenches, cross sections, pillars and TEM H-bars, all while preserving microstructure and avoiding or reducing FIB polishing. Several high impact applications are now possible due to this technology in the fields of crystallography, electronics, mechanical engineering, battery research and materials sample preparation. This review article summarizes the current opportunities for this new technology focusing on the materials science megatrends of engineering materials, energy materials and electronics.

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Serial sectioning in the SEM for three dimensional materials science

Cited by 65 publications

References 78 publications

A Multi-modal Data Merging Framework for Correlative Investigation of Strain Localization in Three Dimensions

A Multi-modal Data Merging Framework for Correlative Investigation of Strain Localization in Three Dimensions

Mechanical Metrics of Virtual Polycrystals (MechMet)

The LaserFIB: new application opportunities combining a high-performance FIB-SEM with femtosecond laser processing in an integrated second chamber

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