Serial Position Effects in Children's Route Reversal Errors: Implications for Police Search Operations

Cornell, Edward H.; Heth, C. Donald; Kneubuhler, Yvonne; Sehgal, Sabena

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0720(199608)10:4<301::aid-acp383>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We observed a primacy effect in all participant groups, where participants showed the best performance in the first intersection. Such a serial position effect has been reported in previous navigation studies [ 55 , 56 ]. A recent route-learning study showed the serial position effect for landmarks encountered during navigation with strong primacy and recency benefits in CN older adults [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Spatial Navigation and Visuospatial Strategies in Typical and Atypical Aging

et al. 2021

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Age-related spatial navigation decline is more pronounced in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. We used a realistic-looking virtual navigation test suite to analyze different aspects of visuospatial processing in typical and atypical aging. A total of 219 older adults were recruited from the Czech Brain Aging Study cohort. Cognitively normal older adults (CN; n = 78), patients with amnestic MCI (n = 75), and those with mild AD dementia (n = 66) underwent three navigational tasks, cognitive assessment, and brain MRI. Route learning and wayfinding/perspective-taking tasks distinguished the groups as performance and learning declined and specific visuospatial strategies were less utilized with increasing cognitive impairment. Increased perspective shift and utilization of non-specific strategies were associated with worse task performance across the groups. Primacy and recency effects were observed across the groups in the route learning and the wayfinding/perspective-taking task, respectively. In addition, a primacy effect was present in the wayfinding/perspective-taking task in the CN older adults. More effective spatial navigation was associated with better memory and executive functions. The results demonstrate that a realistic and ecologically valid spatial navigation test suite can reveal different aspects of visuospatial processing in typical and atypical aging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Spatial Navigation and Visuospatial Strategies in Typical and Atypical Aging

et al. 2021

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“…Spatial abilities in healthy children have been investigated by a wide variety of testing procedures (Cornell, Heth, Kneubuhler, & Sehgal, 1996;Huttenlocher, Newcombe, & Sandberg, 1994;Piaget, Inhelder, & Szeminska, 1975;Sandberg, Huttenlocher, & Newcombe, 1996;Siegel & Schadler, 1977). Several authors developed tests of spatial behavior, originally used with animals, such as the Radial Arm Maze (Olton & Samuelson, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's Spatial Behavior is Differentially Affected After Traumatic Brain Injury

Lehnung¹,

Leplow²,

Herzog³

et al. 2001

Child Neuropsychology

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Spatial behavior in 20 children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 20 healthy controls was investigated using the Kiel Locomotor Maze. Children had to remember defined locations in an experimental chamber with completely controlled intra- and extra-maze cues until learning criterion was reached. In a second experiment, spatial orientation strategies were assessed. Children with TBI were shown to be impaired in spatial learning and spatial memory. Spatial orientation was found to be deficient even in cases where spatial learning and memory proved to be unimpaired, especially in tasks that demanded the use of relational place strategies. Children who suffered a TBI at an early age proved to be more severely impaired in spatial learning and orientation than older children.

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Self‐ratings of sense of direction and route reversal performance

Heth

Cornell

Flood

2002

Applied Cognitive Psychology

Self Cite

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One of the most pervasive beliefs about human way finding is that some people have a natural ability that distinguishes them from others. In this research, we asked children and adults to rate their own sense of direction, a promising index of orientation skills despite its simplicity and reliance on selfassessment. Ratings were obtained before and after reversal of a newly learned outdoor route. Selfratings by children and adults before route reversal only weakly predicted two of a variety of measures of route and bearing knowledge. However, adults' ratings after the route reversal reflected performance on almost all of these same measures. In addition, route reversal performance was easily improved by instructing children and adults during route acquisition to look back in anticipation of the return. The pattern of results suggests that way finders' beliefs about their sense of direction are based on a recollection of the outcomes of the attentive and mnemonic strategies they use.People who are good at everyday way finding tasks often believe that they have a good sense of direction. Kozlowski and Bryant (1977) attempted to quantify this belief and examine its validity. Responding to a scale, university students selected a 1 if they felt their sense of direction was poor and higher values if they felt it was better. What was meant by sense of direction was left to the intuitions of the rater. The ratings were consistent when the same students were asked after intervals of 2 weeks to 3 months. In addition, there were moderate to high correlations between ratings of sense of direction and the ability to point to and estimate the distance to familiar buildings from an imagined vantage point on their campus.The implication of these correlations, however, has been disputed. Passini (1984) has argued that these correlations may simply reflect that self-evaluation of sense of direction is based on self-evaluation of environmental knowledge; the correlations do not assess the prediction that a person with a good sense of direction can easily orient themselves in novel environments. Consistent with this criticism, Kozlowski and Bryant (1977) found no initial difference between students who rated themselves with either a good or poor sense of direction when pointing to locations in an unfamiliar underground tunnel complex. Students who rated themselves with a good sense of direction showed improvements in

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Serial Position Effects in Children's Route Reversal Errors: Implications for Police Search Operations

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

Spatial Navigation and Visuospatial Strategies in Typical and Atypical Aging

Spatial Navigation and Visuospatial Strategies in Typical and Atypical Aging

Children's Spatial Behavior is Differentially Affected After Traumatic Brain Injury

Self‐ratings of sense of direction and route reversal performance

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