Children's Spatial Behavior is Differentially Affected After Traumatic Brain Injury

Lehnung, Maria; Leplow, Bernd; Herzog, Arne; Benz, Barbara; Ritz, Annegret; Stolze, Henning; Mehdorn, Maximilian; Ferstl, Roman

doi:10.1076/chin.7.2.59.3129

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Deficits in spatial learning have been observed in children following traumatic brain injury [Lehnung et al, 2001]. Similarly, cognitive deficits have been reported after traumatic injury to the developing rodent brain [Adelson et al, 1997[Adelson et al, , 2000Giza et al, 2005;Hicks et al, 2000;Prins and Hovda, 1998].…”

Section: Cognitive Function and Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 94%

Traumatic Injury to the Immature Brain Results in Progressive Neuronal Loss, Hyperactivity and Delayed Cognitive Impairments

Pullela

Raber

Pfankuch³

et al. 2006

Dev Neurosci

117

135

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The immature brain may be particularly vulnerable to injury during critical periods of development. To address the biologic basis for this vulnerability, mice were subjected to traumatic brain injury at postnatal day 21, a time point that approximates that of the toddler-aged child. After motor and cognitive testing at either 2 weeks (juveniles) or 3 months (adults) after injury, animals were euthanized and the brains prepared for quantitative histologic assessment. Brain-injured mice exhibited hyperactivity and age-dependent anxiolysis. Cortical lesion volume and subcortical neuronal loss were greater in brain-injured adults than in juveniles. Importantly, cognitive decline was delayed in onset and coincided with loss of neurons in the hippocampus. Our findings demonstrate that trauma to the developing brain results in a prolonged period of pathogenesis in both cortical and subcortical structures. Behavioral changes are a likely consequence of regional-specific neuronal degeneration.

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Section: Cognitive Function and Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 94%

Traumatic Injury to the Immature Brain Results in Progressive Neuronal Loss, Hyperactivity and Delayed Cognitive Impairments

Pullela

Raber

Pfankuch³

et al. 2006

Dev Neurosci

117

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[7][8][9] Emerging skills seem to be more vulnerable to injury than established skills, possibly because of a disruption of the organization of networks mediating cognitive skills. 10 For example, Lehnung et al 11 reported that earlier developed spatial orienting strategies were less affected by TBI than later established ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Recovery and Development after Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood: A Person-Oriented, Longitudinal Study

Jonsson

Catroppa

Godfrey

et al. 2013

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Influence of childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive recovery and subsequent development is poorly understood. In this longitudinal study we used cluster analysis to explore acute stage individual profiles of injury age and cognition in 118 children with traumatic brain injury. Repeated measures of cognitive function were conducted at 30 months, indicating recovery, and 10 years post-injury, indicating development. Nine clusters were identified. Recovery was evident in three clusters, two of them with low functioning profiles. Developmental gains occurred for three clusters and an acute profile of higher freedom from distractibility (FFD) and lower processing speed (PS) was related to positive differences. One cluster, average low functioning and especially low verbal comprehension, demonstrated a slower development than peers. This suggests that developmental change after TBI in childhood takes place on a continuum, with both chance of long-term catching up, and risk of poor development. An acute profile of higher FFD and lower PS seemed to reflect injury consequences and were followed by developmental gains. These results challenge previous findings, and warrant further investigation.

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“…Conversely, cognitive flexibility, abstract reasoning and goal-setting, all being later maturing executive functions were areas where performances differed between the groups. Lehnung et al (2001) reported that earlier developed spatial orienting strategies were less affected found by a CTBI than later established ones. At a follow-up conducted 4 years after receiving a severe CTBI, (Lehnung et al, 2003) previously established spatial learning skills had been restituted, while more advanced strategies, in the normal development fully functioning by the age of 10 years, were still impaired.…”

Section: Age At Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The child can with this strategy understand that since she is looking for the door from an-other direction, it is behind the picture on the wall. This strategy is fully developed at about 10 years of age (Lehnung et al, 2001).…”

Section: Cognitive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more vulnerable skeleton and a skull that is relatively large when compared with the size of the body and containing a larger than normal proportion of water in the brain makes the child more sensitive to acceleration, deceleration and violence (Emanuelson, 1999). The cognitive outcome of TBI is also related to age at the time of injury (Koskiniemi, Kykkä, Nybo & Jarho, 1995;Taylor & Alden, 1997;Anderson, Catroppa, Morse, Haritou & Rosenfeld, 2000Anderson, Morse, Catroppa, Haritou & Rosenfeld, 2004;Lehnung et al, 2001;Dennis, Guger, Roncadin, Barnes & Schachar, 2001;Slomine et al, 2002;Levin, 2003;Donders & Warschausky., 2007).…”

Section: Age At Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term cognitive outcome of childhood traumatic brain injury

Jonsson¹

2010

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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There is limited knowledge of cognitive outcome extending beyond 5 years after childhood traumatic brain injury, CTBI. The main objectives of this thesis were to investigate cognitive outcome at 6 14 years after CTBI, and to evaluate if advancements in the neurosurgical care, starting 1992, did influence long-term outcome and early epidemiology. An additional aim was to study the relationship between early brain injury parameters and early functional outcome. Study 1 evaluated cognitive progress during 14 years after CTBI, over three neuropsychological assessments in 8 patients with serious CTBI. Study 2 used patient records to investigate early epidemiology, received rehabilitation and medical follow up in two clinical cohorts, n=82 and n=46, treated neurosurgically for CTBI before and after 1992. An exploratory cluster analysis was applied to analyse the relation between early brain injury severity parameters and early functional outcome. In Study 3, participants in the two cohorts, n=18 and n=23, treated neurosurgically for CTBI before and after 1992, were subject to an extensive neuropsychological assessment, 13 and 6 years after injury, respectively. Assessment results of the two cohorts were compared with each other and with controls. Data were analysed with multivariate analyses of variance. Results and discussion. There were significant long-term cognitive deficits of similar magnitude and character in the two cohorts with CTBI, treated before and after the advancements in neurosurgical care. At 6 14 years after injury, long-term deficits in verbal intellectual and executive functions were found, and were discussed in terms of their late maturation and a decreased executive control over verbal memory-functions after CTBI. Visuospatial functions had a slightly better long-term recovery. The amount of rehabilitation received was equally low in both cohorts. The length of time spent in intensive care and the duration of care in the respirator may have a stronger relationship to early outcome than does a single measure of level of consciousness at admission. Main conclusions are that cognitive deficits are apparent at longterm follow up, 6 13 years after neurosurgically treated CTBI, even after advancements in the neurosurgical care in Sweden. Measures of verbal IQ, verbal memory and executive functions were especially low while visuospatial intellectual functions appear to have a better long-term recovery.

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Children's Spatial Behavior is Differentially Affected After Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Traumatic Injury to the Immature Brain Results in Progressive Neuronal Loss, Hyperactivity and Delayed Cognitive Impairments

Traumatic Injury to the Immature Brain Results in Progressive Neuronal Loss, Hyperactivity and Delayed Cognitive Impairments

Cognitive Recovery and Development after Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood: A Person-Oriented, Longitudinal Study

Long-term cognitive outcome of childhood traumatic brain injury

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