Serial coupling of reversed‐phase and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction LC/MS for the analysis of polar and nonpolar phenols in wine

Abstract

In the present study, an easy and efficient method based on the serial coupling of analytical reversed-phase and zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was developed for the simultaneous separation of polar and nonpolar phenols occurring in wine. The zwitterionic hydrophilic column was connected in series to the reversed-phase one via a T-piece, with which the ACN content in eluent of the second dimension was increased, in order to cope the solvent strength incompatibility between the two columns. The final mobile phase at low-flow rate (≤0.5 mL/min), high-ACN content (90%), and low-salt concentration was directed to an ESI-TOF-MS , for high accurate mass detections. The developed method was applied for the identification of target phenols in several wines. Retention time and peak width intra- and interday repeatability studies proved the reliability of the method for the simultaneous analysis of all the polar and nonpolar analytes in wine. The serial reversed-phase/zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupling offered the possibility to enlarge the number of identified compounds and it represents a valid approach for nontarget analysis of complex samples by a single injection.

Non-target screening with high-resolution mass spectrometry: critical review using a collaborative trial on water analysis

“…One of the 17 LC participants used a serial coupling of zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction (HILIC) and reversed-phase (RP) chromatography (LC-LC; HILIC-C 18 ) [37], while the remainder used C 18 reversedphase columns (one C 8 ) with either high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or long ultra-HPLC (UHPLC) runs. The solvent was generally water/methanol or water/acetonitrile, with no or varied modifiers (formic acid or ammonium acetate, formate or hydroxide).…”

A tandem liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method for profiling small molecules in complex samples

“…One approach has been to couple columns of orthogonal stationary phases directly in series so that the one column follows the other with either a single LC pump or two LC pumps (Chalcraft and McCarry 2013;Greco et al 2013). These methods have been shown to successfully fractionate both polar and non-polar metabolites in series and have been applied to metabolomics research (Chalcraft et al 2014;Rajab et al 2013).…”

Serially coupling hydrophobic interaction and reversed-phase chromatography with simultaneous gradients provides greater coverage of the metabolome

“…The method described in this study was an adaptation of the methods described by Louw et al (2008) and Greco et al (2013). Louw ran a C18 2 mm ID column at a flow rate of 200 lL/min and a HILIC 4 mm ID column at a flow rate of 1.4 mL/min.…”

“…A simpler approach, coupling two columns together and running the gradients simultaneously is less routinely described. This method has been reported for the separation of polar and nonpolar pharmaceuticals (Louw et al 2008) and phenols (Greco et al 2013) by serially coupling a C18 column with a HILIC column. This paper describes a metabolomics method in which a sample can be injected onto both RP and HILIC columns in tandem for the analysis of polar and non-polar compounds in a single injection.…”