Sera from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome inhibit production of interleukin-2 by normal lymphocytes.

Siegel, Jay P.; Djeu, Julie Y.; Stocks, Naomi I.; Masur, Henry; Gelmann, Edward P.; Quinnan, Gerald V.

doi:10.1172/jci111912

Cited by 40 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In contrast, mitogen responses were reduced to a variable degree by the sera of AIDS patients (i.e., patients [4][5][6][7][8]. Although it is difficult to make an assumption due to the small number of AIDS patients we examined, the overall trend in our study suggests a higher immunosuppressive activity in the serum of AIDS patients as the severity of the disease increases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Partial Purification and Identification of an Immunosuppressive Factor in AIDS Sera

Oh¹,

Cerda²,

Lee³

et al. 1993

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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The cause of the profound immunodeficiency state induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is not yet fully understood. Although direct cytopathic effects of the virus leading to the loss of CD4+ lymphocytes are believed to play a major role, soluble factors that cause lymphocyte dysfunction have also been identified. Here, we demonstrate that sera of AIDS patients contain a viral component capable of profoundly inhibiting normal T lymphocyte and natural killer cell functions. This factor (M(r) 30,000-50,000) is relatively resistant to proteolytic degradation, heat denaturation, extreme pH, and chemical modifications. It has been determined by Western blotting to share epitopes with the gp41 viral transmembrane component of HIV-1. This immunosuppressive factor has the characteristic property of inhibiting lymphocyte activation in the early stage (within 3 hr) of mitogenic stimulation. Concomitant with the inhibition of lymphocyte activation and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production, transcription of the IL-2 message is also reduced in a time-dependent manner. The unique time dependency of this immunosuppressive factor in lymphocyte activation could serve as a valuable tool to study the early steps of signal transduction in lymphocyte activation beyond membrane interaction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Partial Purification and Identification of an Immunosuppressive Factor in AIDS Sera

Oh¹,

Cerda²,

Lee³

et al. 1993

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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“…Patient Nos. 17 to 22 did not experience disease progression: ASY (17,18), ARC ( 19), and AIDS (20-22). No significant correlation during evolution of HIV-1 infection was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Levels of IL-2, IL-1α, TNF-α, and Soluble Receptor of IL-2 in HIV-1-Infected Patients

Scott‐Algara¹,

Vuillier²,

Marasescu³

et al. 1991

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Serum levels of the interleukins (IL-1 alpha, IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and soluble receptor of IL-2 (sIL-2R) were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 12 normal healthy controls and 52 HIV-1 seropositive patients. Results indicated that: (1) sIL-2R levels were significantly increased in most HIV-1 seropositive patients. This increase appeared to be correlated with low CD4 cell counts and with the presence of detectable levels of p25 antigen. Furthermore, initially high levels of sIL-2R appeared to be correlated with progression of disease. (2) IL-2 levels were found to be increased in about 43% of asymptomatic carriers (ASY) and subjects with lymphoadenopathy-associated syndrome (LAS) compared with 12% in the case of AIDS-related complex (ARC) and AIDS patients. (3) There was a positive correlation between serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 alpha in nearly all patients. Detectable levels of both cytokines were found in 34% of ASY and LAS patients and only rarely were detectable in ARC and AIDS patients. (4) Sixteen patients in whom progression of disease was observed were studied initially and at the moment they upstaged. No significant modification of serum levels of the three cytokines and sIL-2R studied could be evidenced. It was concluded that sIL-2R could be a useful marker of disease activity and progression, though a prospective study is necessary. For IL-2, IL-1 alpha, and TNF-alpha, this study indicated the presence of variable alterations in serum levels in HIV-1-infected patients.

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“…In lepromatous leprosy, adherent cell products have been shown to inhibit IL-2 production (34). Serum factors in patients with AIDS may also inhibit IL-2 (35). Finally, a 30-100-kd inhibitor of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation has been described in RA SF but not in degenerative or traumatic effusions (36).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitor of interleukin‐2 in rheumatoid synovial fluid

Miossec

Kashiwado

Ziff

1987

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Although large numbers of T cells infiltrate the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the responses of these cells, as present in the blood and synovial fluid (SF), to exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) and their production of IL-2 are diminished. To investigate this functional defect, RA SF were examined for the presence of inhibitors of IL-1 and IL-2. A factor was found which inhibited the IL-&induced proliferation of mitogen-stimulated human T cells and the IL-1-induced proliferation of C3H/Hej mouse thymocytes, but not IL-1-induced fibroblast proliferation. On AcA 54 Ultrogel filtration, the inhibitory activity resided in a fraction with an apparent molecular weight of >70 kd and a major PI of 6.8. The inhibitory effect of RA SF on lymphocyte proliferation was partially corrected with IL-2, but not with IL-1. In the presence of RA SF, normal lymphocytes showed not only a decreased response to exogenous IL-2, but also a decreased production of IL-2. The presence of an inhibitor of IL-2 in RA

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Sera from patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome inhibit production of interleukin-2 by normal lymphocytes.

Cited by 40 publications

References 39 publications

Partial Purification and Identification of an Immunosuppressive Factor in AIDS Sera

Partial Purification and Identification of an Immunosuppressive Factor in AIDS Sera

Serum Levels of IL-2, IL-1α, TNF-α, and Soluble Receptor of IL-2 in HIV-1-Infected Patients

Inhibitor of interleukin‐2 in rheumatoid synovial fluid

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