Sequential genital infections with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Samarai, A M al; Shareef, Anisa Abd Ul-Habib; Kinghorn, G R; Potter, C W

doi:10.1136/sti.65.1.39

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…When the difference is between 1,000-and 10,000-fold, then the one with less quantity is likely to be competed out. Dual infections with both HSV-1 and -2 are well described [Kit et al, 1983;Samarai et al, 1989;Sucato et al, 1998]. Of our HSV PCR positive samples 76 (2.6%) were dual positive, more than double the number that was identified by culture [6 (1.0%) of 587].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in clinical samples by a real-time taqman PCR assay

et al. 2005

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While the clinical manifestations of HSV-1 and -2 overlap, the site of CNS infection, complications, response to antivirals, frequency of antiviral resistance, and reactivation rate on mucosal surfaces varies between HSV-1 and -2. Detection of HSV DNA by PCR has been shown to be the most sensitive method for detecting HSV in clinical samples. As such, we developed a PCR-based assay to accurately distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2. Our initial studies indicated the assay using type specific primers was slightly less efficient for detecting HSV-1 and -2 DNA than the high throughput quantitative PCR assay we utilize that employs type common primers to gB. We subsequently evaluated the type specific assay on 3,131 specimens that had HSV DNA detected in the type common PCR assay. The typing results of these specimens were compared with the monoclonal antibody staining results of culture isolates collected from the same patients at the same time, and the HSV serologic status of the patient. The typing assay accurately identified both HSV-1 and -2 with a specificity of >99.5% and was significantly more sensitive than typing by culture and subsequent monoclonal antibody assays. Complete concordance was seen between the typing assay and HSV serologic status of the patient. Dual (HSV-1 and -2) infection in clinical samples was recognized in 2.6% of clinical samples using the new typing assay. This assay, when used in combination with the type common assay, can now accurately type almost all mucosal and visceral HSV isolates by molecular techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in clinical samples by a real-time taqman PCR assay

et al. 2005

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“…Nevertheless, exogenous reinfection with either HSV 1 or HSV 2 in patients with recurrent genital herpes is considered to be uncommon. 19 It was previously identified that a majority of HSV-2 reactivations last less than a day 20 , however recent findings 21 demonstrate that the cardinal feature of HSV-2 shedding is extraordinary episode heterogeneity. Longer and higher copy number episodes, which often manifest with genital lesions, are notable for multiple erratic peaks and wide viral dispersion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risk factors for bad obstetric history in Kirkuk women, Iraq

Aljumaily

2013

Int J Infection & Microbiol

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INTRODUCTION: Microbial agents such as Toxoplasma, rubella, CMV and HSV are important cause of infections during pregnancy, which mainly are asymptomatic. However, the infection during pregnancy may result in serious foetal side effects. Objective was to determine the risk factors that enhance the development of bad obstetric history (BOH) due to TORCH infections in Iraqi women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 538 women were included in the study, of them 293 (54.5%) were with BOH, and 245 (45.5%) were with normal pregnancy history. In the BOH group, 144 (49.1%) women were pregnant, while in the normal pregnancy group, 117 (47.7%) were pregnant. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors that may play a role in development of BOH. RESULTS: Multifactorial analysis indicated that Toxoplasma gondi IgM, rubella IgM, rubella IgG, CMV IgM, HSV -2 IgG and animal exposure were risk factors that lead to BOH development. However, Toxoplasma IgG seropositivity had inverse correlation to BOH development. Mother education was a significant protective (OR=0.614, P=0.000) factor that reduce development of BOH. Residence, education, occupation and family size influenced the role of TORCH in induction of BOH. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that Toxoplasma gondi IgM, rubella IgM, rubella IgG, CMV IgM, HSV-2 IgG and animal exposure were risk factors that lead to BOH development. Mother education was a significant protective factor that reduce development of BOH. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v2i3.8121 Int J Infect Microbiol 2013;2(3):70-77

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“…Acquisition of HSV-2 in a person with genital HSV-1 infection has been documented, and a subsequent pattern of recurrences is consistent with HSV-2 infection-that is, frequent recurrences [54][55][56]. This is especially important when both partners have a history of genital herpes but the type is unknown, because these couples are often told that safer sex is not a necessary precaution from the standpoint of genital herpes.…”

Section: Distinguishing Between Hsv-1 and Hsv-2 Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Testing for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)–1 and HSV‐2 Infection

2002

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Serological tests for herpes simplex virus (HSV) that can accurately distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2 are now commercially available. These tests detect antibodies to HSV glycoproteins G-1 and G-2, which evoke a type-specific antibody response. Focus Technologies produces the HerpeSelect-1 and HerpeSelect-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests and the HSV-1 and HSV-2 HerpeSelect1/2 Immunoblot. Diagnology has marketed POCkit-HSV-2, a point-of-care test for HSV-2 that allows blood from a finger stick to be tested in a clinic. These tests can be used to confirm a genital herpes diagnosis, establish diagnosis of HSV infection in patients with atypical complaints, identify asymptomatic carriers, and identify persons at risk for acquiring HSV. Potential settings for use of these tests include sexually transmitted disease clinics, prenatal clinics, and clinics that care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Patient interest in HSV serological tests appears high.

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Sequential genital infections with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in clinical samples by a real-time taqman PCR assay

Differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in clinical samples by a real-time taqman PCR assay

Risk factors for bad obstetric history in Kirkuk women, Iraq

Serological Testing for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)–1 and HSV‐2 Infection

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