Serological Testing for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)–1 and HSV‐2 Infection

Wald, Anna; Ashley-Morrow, Rhoda

doi:10.1086/342104

Cited by 173 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…HSV-2v displayed typical behavior in cell culture and in specific molecular tests targeting surface glycoproteins, suggesting that HSV-2v may be circulating undetected elsewhere. Only gG, which was highly divergent in HSV-2v, elicited a predominantly type-specific serological response (32). Viral genetic diversity, such as that observed for HSV-2v, may theoretically affect the performance of molecular detection tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity within Alphaherpesviruses: Characterization of a Novel Variant of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Burrel

Désiré

Marlet

et al. 2015

J Virol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity within Alphaherpesviruses: Characterization of a Novel Variant of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Burrel

Désiré

Marlet

et al. 2015

J Virol

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“…These assays detect human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to glycoprotein G-1 (in HSV-1) or G-2 (in HSV-2) -the major proteins that evoke type-specific responses. In cohorts of pregnant women and sexually active adults, the often-used HerpeSelect 1 and 2 ELISA IgG (Focus Diagnostics, USA) and HerpeSelect 1 and 2 Immunoblot IgG (Focus Diagnostics, USA) have shown sensitivities of 91% to 100% and 89% to 100% for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively, and specificities of 92% to 95% and 94% to 98%, respectively, compared with Western blot (16)(17)(18). The present paper reviews current evidence regarding the significance of HSV-2 in the transmission and pathogenesis of HIV infection, outlines the reasons that HSV-1 coinfection warrants increased attention in this area and identifies future areas for research.…”

Section: Abstract: Coinfection; Genital Herpes; Hiv; Hsv; Orolabial mentioning

confidence: 99%

Left out but not Forgotten: Should Closer Attention be Paid to Coinfection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and HIV?

Tan

Kaul

Walsmley

2009

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are among the most common coinfections seen in individuals infected with HIV-1. Most research on HSV-HIV coinfection has focused on HSV-2, and in particular, on its impact on HIV transmission. HSV-2 is associated with micro- and macroulcerations in genital mucosal surfaces, increased numbers of HIV target cells in genital mucosal tissue and increases in plasma HIV viral load of up to 0.5 log10copies/mL, such that HSV-2 infection increases the risk of both HIV acquisition and transmission. Because plasma HIV RNA levels are a major determinant of rates of CD4 cell decline, HSV-2 coinfection may also adversely affect the progression of HIV disease. Anti-HSV medications have in fact been associated with reciprocal decreases in HIV viral load in short-term studies. These findings have led to the development of several clinical trials of HSV-2 suppression as strategies for preventing HIV transmission and slowing the rate of HIV disease progression. HSV-1 coinfection has largely been ignored from this growing body of research, yet there are several reasons that this coinfection remains an important issue for study. First, the seroprevalence of HSV-1 is consistently higher than that of HSV-2 among both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected populations, underscoring the relevance of HSV-1 coinfection to the majority of HIV-infected persons. Second, pre-existing HSV-1 antibodies in individuals may modulate the course of subsequently acquired HSV-2 infection; the implications of such changes on HSV-HIV coinfection remain unexplored. Third, HSV-1 and HSV-2 are closely related viruses that share 83% genetic homology. Their virological and pathobiological similarities suggest that their implications on HIV pathogenesis may be similar as well. Finally, HSV-1 is becoming increasingly relevant because the incidence of genital HSV-1 has risen. Although genital herpes is traditionally associated with HSV-2, recent studies have shown that the majority of serologically confirmed primary genital herpes in some settings is attributable to HSV-1. Because the genital tract is an important site of biological interaction between HSV and HIV, this epidemiological change may be clinically important.

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“…After initial infection, the virus can reside as life-long virus and remains latent until the opportunity for recurrence, thus genital herpes is generally a recurrent and incurable viral disease [1]. The majority of both primary and recurrent infections are asymptomatic diseases [8]; however, in symptomatic cases, lesions are very painful [9] and obviously affect the quality of the life in patients [10]. HSV can easily spread in populations because of asymptomatic nature of disease, and is a suitable marker to evaluate the sexual behaviours [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnant Women from Gangetic Plain Region of Allahabad, India

Amar¹,

Bajaj²,

Gupta³

et al. 2015

AiM

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Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a common pathogen that leads to lifelong latent infection and may be associated with transmission from mother to their fetus. A total of 191 blood samples of pregnant women were collected to check the prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). It was observed that 124 (64.9%) and 04 (2.1%) samples were positive for HSV IgG and HSV IgM, respectively. Seropositivity of HSV IgG was the highest for third trimester and it was followed by second and first trimester; while it was the highest for first trimester for HSV IgM and it was followed by third and second trimester. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG and IgM was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05) according to gestation age. A significant correlation was observed between HSV IgG and age groups of pregnant women; while it was insignificant for HSV IgM. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG + IgMwas 32 (53.3%), 61 (66.3%), and 27 (69.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG + IgM + group was 02 (3.3%), 01 (1.1%) and 01 (2.6%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively. Seroprevalence of HSV IgG -IgM -group was 26 (43.3%), 30 (32.6%), and 11 (28.2%) for first, second and third trimester, respectively.

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Serological Testing for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)–1 and HSV‐2 Infection

Cited by 173 publications

References 83 publications

Genetic Diversity within Alphaherpesviruses: Characterization of a Novel Variant of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Genetic Diversity within Alphaherpesviruses: Characterization of a Novel Variant of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Left out but not Forgotten: Should Closer Attention be Paid to Coinfection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and HIV?

Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus in Pregnant Women from Gangetic Plain Region of Allahabad, India

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