Sequential Coevaporation and Deposition of Antimony Selenosulfide Thin Film for Efficient Solar Cells

Abstract

Antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3) is an emerging low‐cost, nontoxic solar material with suitable bandgap and high absorption coefficient. Developing effective methods for fabricating high‐quality films would benefit the device efficiency improvement and deepen the fundamental understanding on the optoelectronic properties. Herein, equipment is developed that allows online introduction of precursor vapor during the reaction process, enabling sequential coevaporation of Sb2Se3 and S powders for the deposition of Sb2(S,Se)3 thin films. With this unique ability, it is revealed that the deposition sequence manipulates both the interfacial properties and optoelectronic properties of the absorber film. A power conversion efficiency of 8.0% is achieved, which is the largest value in vapor‐deposition‐derived Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells. The research demonstrates that multi‐source sequential coevaporation is an efficient technique to fabricate high‐efficiency Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells.

Hydrothermal Deposition of Antimony Selenosulfide on Titanium Oxide Nanoparticle Films for Cadmium-Free Solar Cells

“…The texture coefficient (TC) was calculated based on the XRD patterns in Figure 1c to evaluate orientation preference. 6,25 As shown in Figure 1d, the TC value of (120) is 1.26, and the TC value of ( 221) is only 0.53 for Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 film deposited on Compact-TiO 2 . As for Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 deposited on Nanoparticle-TiO 2 , the TC value of (120) decreases to 0.99, and the TC value of (221) increases to 1.43.…”

“…Furthermore, compared with Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 deposited on the Compact-TiO 2 substrate, Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 deposited on the Nanoparticle-TiO 2 substrate shows a stronger intensity of [ hk 1] such as (211) and (221) planes than that of [ hk 0]. The texture coefficient (TC) was calculated based on the XRD patterns in Figure c to evaluate orientation preference. , As shown in Figure d, the TC value of (120) is 1.26, and the TC value of (221) is only 0.53 for Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 film deposited on Compact-TiO 2 . As for Sb 2 (S 0.7 ,Se 0.3 ) 3 deposited on Nanoparticle-TiO 2 , the TC value of (120) decreases to 0.99, and the TC value of (221) increases to 1.43.…”

Post-Treatment of TiO2 Film Enables High-Quality Sb2Se3 Film Deposition for Solar Cell Applications

“…Considering this, intensive efforts have been made to exploit novel metal chalcogenides materials. To date, the emerging Cu 2 ZnSn­(S,Se) 4 , AgBiS 2 , AgSbS 2 , SnS, GeSe, CdSe, Sb 2 (S,Se) 3 , − Sb 2 S 3 , − Sb 2 Se 3 , , and so on, have been applied in solar cell fabrication. Among them, the quasi-one-dimensional semiconductor, Sb 2 Se 3 , which possesses a suitable bandgap (1.1–1.3 eV), high absorption coefficient, excellent optical and electrical properties, abundant elemental reserves, remarkable stability to air and moisture, and environmentally friendly characteristics, is regarded as a promising light absorption material.…”

Fabrication of Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on a Transparent TiO2 Film with Reasonable Load Resistance Design

“…14,15 The energy consumption of the solid phase method is high, while the purity is low, and the morphology is difficult to control. 16,17 The liquid phase method is the most common method for preparing TiO 2 nanomaterials, mainly including electrodeposition, sol−gel, microemulsion, precipitation, water (solvent) heat, etc. 18 For the sol−gel method, the nanoparticles are likely to cluster together after the subsequent high-temperature calcination treatment.…”

“…Numerous efforts have been dedicated to prepare transparent TiO 2 photoanodes for QDSSCs. Because of the extensive application of TiO 2 nanomaterials, the preparation techniques of TiO 2 are widely researched. , At present, the preparation methods of the TiO 2 nanomaterials can mainly be sorted as the gas phase method, solid phase method, and liquid phase method. , The deposition rate of the transparent TiO 2 film by the gas phase method is low, with a low volume of production and high cost. , The energy consumption of the solid phase method is high, while the purity is low, and the morphology is difficult to control. , The liquid phase method is the most common method for preparing TiO 2 nanomaterials, mainly including electrodeposition, sol–gel, microemulsion, precipitation, water (solvent) heat, etc . For the sol–gel method, the nanoparticles are likely to cluster together after the subsequent high-temperature calcination treatment .…”