Sequential application of waste whey as a medium component for Kluyveromyces lactis cultivation and a co-feeder for lipase immobilization by CLEA method

Abstract

Currently, much attention is paid to technologies which can be drivers of the circular economy across different sectors, in particular, to develop technologies for utilization or reusability of biocompatible materials from industrial waste. One of such is the milk whey, which is a cheap biobased raw material, the disposal of which is a major problem for the dairy industry. Our proposed and investigated technology is based on a continuous exploitation of the whey combining microbiology and biotechnology. Primarily, whey was used as a nutrition source for the cultivation of Kluyveromyces lactis with the aim to produce the targeted biocatalyst-lipase. During cultivation, the whey was transformed into the hydrolyzed form, which was further successfully applied as a protein feeder (external linker) for immobilization of lipase by cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) method. The first time use of whey as a co-feeder for immobilization of enzymes by CLEA method has shown promising results and increased the stability of lipases for temperature and organic solvents. Hydrolysis of rapeseed oil catalyzed with immobilized derivatives was obtained with 45-96% efficiency at non-optimized conditions. Additionally, the determined kinetic parameters indicated that the rate of p-nitrophenyl palmitate hydrolysis was not changed drastically after immobilization.

Enhanced biochemical characteristics of β-glucosidase via adsorption and cross-linked enzyme aggregate for rapid cellobiose hydrolysis

“…4. The soluble enzyme completely loses activity after incubation for 1 h, whereas the immobilized BGL reserves its initial activity nearly 70% after incubation for 3 h and approximately 50% for 5 h. It has been proved that enzyme immobilized by CLEAs caused it more stable and catalyzed efficiently at high temperature [30]. Stable support-bound BGL could be applied for the enzyme immobilization with economical matrix [31].…”

1,3‐Regiospecific ethanolysis of soybean oil catalyzed by crosslinked porcine pancreas lipase aggregates

“…CLEA preparation is very simple, it is initialized by the protein precipitation induced by the addition of a precipitant like salts, organic solvents, or polymers, followed by the chemical crosslinking with a bifunctional or poly‐functional agent . CLEAs of several enzymes including many lipases have been reported . However, few studies about CLEAs of pancreatic lipases have been reported (Table ) .…”

Obtenção de Lipases Microbianas: Uma Breve Revisão

“…Nosúltimos anos, visando minimizar a formação de produtos indesejáveis durante os processos reacionais e, em geral, atender aos conceitos da química verde, a utilização de lipases em processos industriais tem sido fortemente encorajada em substituição aos processos químicos convencionais [10,11]. Entretanto, os altos custos envolvidos e as dificuldades operacionais para produção e utilização destas enzimas, frequentemente, limitam seu uso [12]. A fim de solucionar os problemas supracitados, e outros interesses, estudos envolvendo lipases vêm apresentando elevado crescimento.…”