Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome in Anopheles culicifacies species B (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

The complete mitogenome sequence of Anopheles culicifacial species B was sequenced in this study. The length of the mitogenome is 15,330 bp, which contains 13 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding control region. The gene order and composition are consistent with those previously reported for other mosquito species. The initiation codon of the PCGs complies with the ATN rule except for COI using TCG and ND5 using GTG as a start codon, and the stop codon is TAA or an only T. The total base composition is 40.4% A, 38.1% T, 12.4% C, and 9.1% G. The phylogenetic tree based on the sequences of 13 PCGs showed that these species were classified into two clades, corresponding to the subgenus Cellia and subgenus Nyssorhynchus. An. culicifacies species B of Myzomyia Series was clusterd with An. gambiae of Pyretophorus Series with a 100% bootstrap value.

The complete mitochondrial genome ofAnopheles minimus(Diptera: Culicidae) and the phylogenetics of knownAnophelesmitogenomes

“…and Table ). The gene order and orientation are consistent with those Anopheles mtgenomes published earlier (Beard et al ., ; Mitchell et al., ; Moreno et al ., ; Krzywinski et al ., ; Logue et al ., ; Hua et al ., ). Twenty‐two genes (nine PCGs and 13 tRNAs) are located on the majority coding strand (J strand), while the other 15 genes (four PCGs, nine tRNAs and two rRNAs) are on the minority strand (N strand).…”

“…5). The anticodons were identical to those of Anopheles mtgenomes previously published (Beard et al, 1993;Mitchell et al, 1993;Moreno et al, 2010;Krzywinski et al, 2011;Logue et al, 2013;Hua et al, 2015). The 20 tRNA genes were identified using the program tRNAscan-SE except tRNA Ser(AGN) and tRNA Arg which were compared with known mosquito mitochondrial sequences.…”

Mitochondrial genes associated with pyrethroid resistance revealed by mitochondrial genome and transcriptome analyses in the malaria vector Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The lack of recombination events in insect mtgenomes and the stable sizes of these three populations make it reasonable to infer pyrethroid selection pressure using the non‐synonymous and synonymous ratio ( Ka / Ks ) value for each PCG . ND4 has the largest Ka/Ks value for each of these three resistant populations in comparison with the susceptible strain, with all Ka / Ks > 1 (1.9087, 1.8052, and 4.6667 in AH, CQ, and YN, respectively; Fig.…”

“…The reported mtgenomes of mosquitoes are double‐stranded circular molecules ranging from 15 330 bp to 16 665 bp in length . Gene numbers and organization are similar to those of the typical insect mtgenomes, except for the rearrangement of trnA and trnR, which form trnR‐trnA in mosquitoes, and the AT content is significantly higher than the GC content . Anopheles sinensis (Diptera, Culicidae) is one of the major malaria vectors in China and other Asian countries .…”

Polimorfismo em <i>Aedes scapularis</i>: caracterização genética e morfológica de um dos vetores de filárias e arbovírus.

“…Devido à rápida evolução, riqueza de informações e falta de recombinação, o DNA mitocondrial é muito utilizado em estudos de diversidade genética inclusive para investigação populacional e filogenética de várias espécies, mostrando-se uma poderosa ferramenta para a inferência de relações ancestrais Lemos et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2016). O filo Arthropoda é muito investigado em relação ao seu DNA mitocondrial, dentro da família Culicidae foram realizados estudos utilizando este conjunto de genes para a compreensão da estrutura populacional, pesquisa de espécies de complexo e em estudos filogenéticos (Behura et al, 2011;Hua et al, 2016). Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia de Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) para plataformas como Ion torrent, Illumina e Solid, o sequenciamento dos 37 genes pode ser realizado de forma rápida e eficaz e para seu "assembly" foram desenvolvidas ferramentas como "Mimicking Intelligent Read Assembly" (MIRA) e algoritmo "Mitochondrial Baiting and Iterative Assembly" (MITObim).…”