Sequence‐related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers: A potential resource for studies in plant molecular biology¹

Abstract

In the past few decades, many investigations in the field of plant biology have employed selectively neutral, multilocus, dominant markers such as inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to address hypotheses at lower taxonomic levels. More recently, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers have been developed, which are used to amplify coding regions of DNA with primers targeting open reading frames. These markers have proven to be robust and highly variable, on par with AFLP, and are attained through a significantly less technically demanding process. SRAP markers have been used primarily for agronomic and horticultural purposes, developing quantitative trait loci in advanced hybrids and assessing genetic diversity of large germplasm collections. Here, we suggest that SRAP markers should be employed for research addressing hypotheses in plant systematics, biogeography, conservation, ecology, and beyond. We provide an overview of the SRAP literature to date, review descriptive statistics of SRAP markers in a subset of 171 publications, and present relevant case studies to demonstrate the applicability of SRAP markers to the diverse field of plant biology. Results of these selected works indicate that SRAP markers have the potential to enhance the current suite of molecular tools in a diversity of fields by providing an easy-to-use, highly variable marker with inherent biological significance.

Molecular phylogeny of Lathyrus species: insights from sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers

“…These results make SRAP markers choice markers for the study of functional polymorphism that is directly related to transcriptomic data. Furthermore, the results support information from Robarts and Wolfe (2014), which proposed "that use of SRAP markers should be viewed analogous to morphological character states".…”

Utilization of ISTR, ISSR and SRAP molecular markers to reveal and classify Egyptian pomegranates (Punica granatum L.)

“…Recently, Li et al, (2013) recommended that SRAP has advantages with a wide range of applications in plant breeding over other molecular detection techniques in gene tagging and cloning and allows screening thousands of loci shortly to pinpoint the genetic position underlying the trait of interest. Our results approved with several research article confirmed that an SRAP marker had the greatest discrimination capacity of polymorphism, and results in a moderate number of co-dominant markers with efficient in marker assisted selection in plant breeding and genetic diversity of many plant species (Agarwal et al, 2008;Dong et al, 2010;Li et al, 2010;Aneja et al, 2012;Robarts and Wolfe 2014).…”

“…Other studies in several plants have also confirmed that SRAP is superior information than other methods, for example, RAPD (Liu et al, 2007), ISSR (LiWang et al, 2008) and SSR . Recently, Robarts and Wolfe (2014) propose that SRAP markers should be employed for research addressing hypotheses in plant systematics and these markers have verified to be robust and highly variable, on par with AFLP. On behalf of the behavior of ISSR profile, the level of polymorphism is relatively high; this is probably due to the value of the effective number of patterns per assay units.…”

“…As for SRAP, sequencerelated amplified polymorphism is a novel molecular marker system which is based on open reading frames (ORFs) developed from genome sequence data of Arabidopsis. As PCR-based markers, SRAP have many advantages, including the requirement for a relatively small amount of template genomic DNA, and good levels of polymorphism in many plant species (Aneja et al, 2012;Robarts and Wolfe 2014). The three molecular markers listed above have the facility to detect different parts of the genome, they have a dominant or co-dominant inheritance and the usage together may be more effectiveness (Velascoramirez et al, 2014).…”

Genetic Diversity of Moroccan Orobanche crenata Populations Revealed by Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers

“…At the opposite, SRAP results seam more trustworthy, as they have the highest average discriminating power among the four systems AFLP, SSR, ISSR, and RAPD (Budak, Shearman, Parmaksiz, Gaussoin, & Riosdan, 2004). Furthermore, SRAP markers have the asset to amplify coding regions of the genome with primers targeting ORFs, elucidating therefore regions with inherent biological significance (Robarts, & Wolfe, 2014).…”