Sequence in Which Essential Amino Acids Become Limiting for Growth of Chicks Fed Rations Containing Cottonseed Meal

Anderson, J. O.; Warnick, R. E.

doi:10.3382/ps.0450084

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Egg production and hatchability were about the same with both meals. Anderson and Warnick (1966) found more available lysine in GCSM than in regular meal; however, methionine and lysine were equally limiting. Waldroup et al (1968) reported that lysine supplementation to the ration was only needed when 75% or more of the soybean meal in a broiler diet was replaced by GCSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Glandless Cottonseed Meal for Laying and Breeding Hens and Broiler Chicks

et al. 1986

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The Acala C-9 variety of glandless cottonseed meal (GCSM) was tested for available gossypol in a 100-day feeding trial with laying hens. Corn-soybean diets incorporating GCSM at 10 and 20% were compared with diets formulated with Acala SJ-5, a commercially available cottonseed meal (CSM), at 10% and a control diet with no CSM. Each diet was fed to 25 hens. No detectable gossypol was found in the yolks of eggs from hens fed GCSM or the control diet, but gossypol was present when hens were fed the diet with CSM. Egg yolk discoloration in an ammonia atmosphere was noted in all of the eggs tested from the CSM-fed hens but only at a very low incidence in eggs from other groups. There were no differences between any of the four treatments in percent egg production, average egg weight, or hatchabihty.Broiler chicks were fed for 19 days diets with GCSM as the sole source of protein to determine the limiting amino acids. The diets contained 23% protein, 3200 kcal metabolizable energy/kg, and National Research Council levels of vitamins and minerals. Diets were supplemented with lysine, methionine, leucine, and isoleucine from 0 to .5% and were kept isonitrogenous with glutamic acid. Only lysine was limiting in GCSM for chick growth. Chick weights did not differ significantly from those fed an adequate reference diet if .3% lysine was added. (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, lysine supplementation of diets containing CSM with low levels of free gossypol resulted in good growth of chickens. Anderson and Warnick (1966) determined that lysine is the most limiting amino acid in cottonseed protein for chickens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glandless Cottonseed Meal for Laying and Breeding Hens and Broiler Chicks

et al. 1986

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“…In addition, during the oil extraction from the cotton seeds, FG binds with the epsilon amino group of lysine, thereby reducing the availability of lysine to the birds. Lyman et al (1953) and Anderson and Warnick (1966) reported that lysine is the most limiting amino acid (AA) in CSM. The concentration of nutrients and FG in CSM depend on the type of CSM, varieties of was not depressed when layers were fed 100 g/kg CSM diet (61 mg/kg FG) but was reduced with the incorporation of 150 g/kg CSM in the diet (101.5 mg/kg FG) (Reid et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of low-gossypol cottonseed meal in laying hens’ diet

He¹,

Zhang²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Poultry Science

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the application of dietary low-gossypol cottonseed meal (LCSM) in layers' diets. A total of 432 40-weekold Hy-line W36 laying hens were allocated to one of the six dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 12 birds each. The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and the 4 experimental diets consisted of a basal diet with 50, 98.3, 144.2, or 189 g/kg LCSM, respectively (correspondingly 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% dietary protein provided by soybean meal were replaced by LCSM). The sixth group was fed a basal diet supplemented with free gossypol (FG group). The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed that no significant difference was observed on egg production or feed conversion ratio (FCR, feed/egg, g/g) among all groups, but feed intake and egg weight were significantly decreased in the 189 g/kg LCSM group in weeks 46 to 51 (P < 0.05). A significant decrease was not observed in shell strength, shell thickness, and yolk color in all periods, but Haugh unit, albumen height, and egg white protein content were reduced in 189 g/kg LCSM group in weeks 46 to 51 (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the control and FG group. There was no obvious difference on plasma levels of total protein, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and activities of albumen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and the histopathology of liver, kidney, and oviduct in all groups. In conclusion, decreasing feed intake, egg weight, and egg quality were observed in the 189 g/kg LCSM group. However, the adverse effect was not relevant to the presence of FG in LCSM. Dietary LCSM supplementation of 98.3 g/kg was recommended with optimum FCR and without adverse effect on egg production, quality, and health of layers.

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“…Anderson and Warwick (1966) reported that L-lysine is the most limiting amino acid in all commercial cotton seed meals, and that DL-methionine is the second most limiting amino acid. Attia and Latshaw (1979) indicated that L-lysine, rather than sulfur amino acids, is most limiting in diets where corn and soybeans are not the major dietary components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Adding Essential Amino Acids and Vitamins to the Rations of Broilers

et al. 1986

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Four experiments were carried out to investigate the amino acid and vitamin requirements of broilers. The performance of birds fed on control diets formulated according to the recommendations of the National Research Council (1977) was compared to that of birds fed on experimental diets containing additional amounts of essential amino acids (L-lysine and DL-methionine) and vitamins. The control diets varied in protein and metabolizable energy content; the experimental diets were obtained by adding varying additional amounts (10 to 50%) of one or both amino acids and vitamins to the control diets. The experimental diets resulted in consistently better body weight gains than the control diets. The results showed that under the conditions of these experiments, the levels of amino acids and vitamins in the control diets were not optimal for the proper growth and development of broilers and must be increased.

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Sequence in Which Essential Amino Acids Become Limiting for Growth of Chicks Fed Rations Containing Cottonseed Meal

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Glandless Cottonseed Meal for Laying and Breeding Hens and Broiler Chicks

Glandless Cottonseed Meal for Laying and Breeding Hens and Broiler Chicks

Application of low-gossypol cottonseed meal in laying hens’ diet

The Effect of Adding Essential Amino Acids and Vitamins to the Rations of Broilers

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