Sequence and in vivo transcription of Lacanobia oleracea granulovirus egt.

Smith, Ian R.; Goodale, Clare

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-79-2-405

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This enzyme has been reported from several other baculoviruses (O'Reilly, 1995;Smith and Goodale, 1998), and its effects on the development of the Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology host insect and hemolymph ecdysteroid titer have been studied extensively (Park et al, 1993Burand et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi inhibits host insect molting by C22‐oxidizing inactivation of hemolymph ecdysteroids

Kiuchi

Yasui

Hayasaka

et al. 2002

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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The entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi reportedly secretes a proteinaceous substance inhibiting larval molt and metamorphosis in the silkworm Bombyx mori. We studied the possibility that N. rileyi controls B. mori development by inactivating hemolymph molting hormone, ecdysteroids. Incubation of ecdysone (E) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in fungal-conditioned medium resulted in their rapid modification into products with longer retention times in reverse-phase HPLC. Each modified product from E and 20E was purified by HPLC, and identified by NMR as 22-dehydroecdysone and 22-dehydro-20-hydroxyecdysone. Some other ecdysteroids with a hydroxyl group at position C22 were also modified. Injection of the fungal-conditioned medium into Bombyx mori larvae in the mid-4th instar inhibited larval molt but induced precocious pupal metamorphosis, and its injection into 5th instar larvae just after gut purge blocked pupal metamorphosis. In hemolymph of injected larvae, E and 20E disappeared and, in turn, 22-dehydroecdysone and 22-dehydro-20-hydroxyecdysone accumulated. These results indicate that N. rileyi secretes a specific enzyme that oxidizes the hydroxyl group at position C22 of hemolymph ecdysteroids and prevents molting in B. mori larvae. Abbreviations used: E = ecdysone; EGT = ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase; ME = modified ecdysone; M20E = modified 20-hydroxyecdysone; NPV = nucleopolyhedrovirus; 20E = 20-hydroxyecdysone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi inhibits host insect molting by C22‐oxidizing inactivation of hemolymph ecdysteroids

Kiuchi

Yasui

Hayasaka

et al. 2002

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…Three candidate late‐promoter motifs and a possible TATA signal with a CATT motif are located upstream from the AdhoGV egt ORF. Primer extension analysis in LaolGV suggested that a low level of egt transcripts initiating a CATT motif and a much higher level of transcripts initiating within a late promoter motif (Smith & Goodale, 1998). In AdhoGV, it is most likely that one or more of these late promoters are used as main initiation sites of egt transcription.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…]), Lymantria dispar MNPV (LdMNPV) (Riegel et al ., 1994), Mamestra brassicae MNPV (MbMNPV) (Clarke et al ., 1996), Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV (Pearson et al ., 1993), S. littoralis MNPV (Smith, unpublished data [GenBank accession no. ]) and Lacanobia oleracea GV (LaolGV) (Smith & Goodale, 1998). The primer sequences are as follows in parentheses; capital letters indicate nucleotides that may vary (I = inosine; K = G or T; Y = C or T; R = A or G; W = A or T) and lowercase letters denote additional residues included to facilitate cloning of the PCR product: EGT + 98 (5′‐ggagaattCCIKCITAYAGICAYCA‐3′) and EGT + 1363 (5′‐gacggatccTCIGTRWACYWRAYIGCYTT‐3′).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Granulovirus prevents pupation and retards development of Adoxophyes honmai larvae

Nakai

Goto

Shiotsuki

et al. 2002

Physiological Entomology

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Abstract. Larvae of Adoxophyes honmai (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) infected with granulovirus (AdhoGV) do not pupate; instead, they undergo prolonged larval development and die during the final stadium. Non-infected larvae, however, pupate after five larval stadia. Insect metamorphosis is regulated by fluctuations of ecdysteroid and Juvenile Hormone (JH). JH esterase activity and titres of ecdysteroid must be measured to understand fully the interaction of an insect virus and its host. JH esterase activity is consistently low in AdhoGV-infected larvae, which suggests that JH in AdhoGV-infected larvae is not degraded during the final stadium. The ecdysteroid titre in non-infected larvae showed a large peak in the final stadium before pupation, whereas that in AdhoGV-infected larvae increased from day 2 to day 5 in the final stadium, and then remained at a high level until death. Furthermore, an ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (EGT) assay showed that this activity occurs in haemolymph from AdhoGV-infected larvae, but not in haemolymph of non-infected larvae. PCR and sequencing analysis revealed that the AdhoGV genome contains an egt gene, which encodes a protein of 445 amino acids, located approximately 1 kbp upstream from the granulin gene. These results suggest that AdhoGV-infected larvae are prevented from pupating because JHE activity is suppressed and EGT expression inactivates ecdysteroid in the haemolymph.

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“…Viral strain LoGV‐S1, originally derived from the Scottish wild‐type isolate described by Crook et al. (1982), was cultured by low‐mortality‐dose infection of L. oleracea larvae (Smith & Goodale, 1988; Matthews et al., 2002). The inoculum used in the subsequent experimental investigations consisted of LoGV‐S1 (hereafter referred to as LoGV) occlusion bodies that had been prepared and purified as described by Smith & Crook (1988) and Matthews et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of the biocontrol agent Vairimorpha necatrix by the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris

Down¹,

Bell²,

Matthews³

et al. 2004

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The ability of the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), to disseminate infective forms of two lepidopteran pathogens, Vairimorpha necatrix (Kramer) (Microspora: Microsporidia) and Lacanobia oleracea granulovirus (LoGV) was investigated. Individual female P. maculiventris that had fed on Lacanobia oleracea L. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae, infected with V. necatrix , excreted approximately 6 × 10 8 V. necatrix spores during the subsequent 7 days. Excreted spores were fed to L. oleracea larvae, causing 100% mortality, indicating that the spores remained viable after passing through the gut of the predator. Podisus maculiventris that had fed on V. necatrix or LoGV-infected larvae were allowed to defecate on the foliage of tomato plants, prior to the infestation of the plants with L. oleracea or Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae. This proved to be an effective way of infecting the pest larvae with the pathogens, particularly when five predatory bugs were used per plant. After 20 days, the number of S. littoralis and L. oleracea surviving on the plants was reduced by 75% and 61%, respectively. Female P. maculiventris maintained on V. necatrix -infected prey showed reduced egg production and longevity, whilst those fed on LoGV-infected prey showed only reduced egg production. The potential for P. maculiventris to disseminate insect pathogens is discussed in the context of improved biological control of lepidopteran pests.

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Sequence and in vivo transcription of Lacanobia oleracea granulovirus egt.

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi inhibits host insect molting by C22‐oxidizing inactivation of hemolymph ecdysteroids

Entomogenous fungus Nomuraea rileyi inhibits host insect molting by C22‐oxidizing inactivation of hemolymph ecdysteroids

Granulovirus prevents pupation and retards development of Adoxophyes honmai larvae

Dissemination of the biocontrol agent Vairimorpha necatrix by the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris

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