Sequence analysis, gene expression, and chromosomal assignment of mouse Borg4 gene and its human orthologue

Abstract

The Borg (binder of Rho GTPases) family proteins interact with CDC42 and TC10 in a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-dependent manner. We have isolated a full-length cDNA of the mouse Borg4 gene, which is a member of this family. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene encoded a putative 349-amino acid protein. By reverse transcription -coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, we observed that Borg4 was expressed ubiquitously in adult tissues. Additionally, we determined the entire cDNA sequence of the putative human Borg4 orthologue. By fluorescence in situ hybridization, mouse Borg4 and the putative human orthologue have been assigned to mouse chromosome 11E and human chromosome 17q24-25, which has been described as syntenic to the mouse region.

Genomic profiling of Mixer and Sox17β targets during Xenopus endoderm development

“…GTPase specificity is thought to be regulated by downstream effector proteins such as those of the Borg family, which are proposed negative regulators of Rho GTPase signaling (Joberty et al, 1999). The mouse homolog of Borg4 is ubiquitously expressed in adult tissue (Osada et al, 2000).…”

Regulation of dendrite growth by Cdc42 effector protein‑4 in hippocampal neurons in vitro

“…Binder of rho GTPases (Borg)4, a member of the Borg family of proteins, is expressed ubiquitously in the brain, heart, kidneys, stomach and other tissues, as demonstrated via reverse transcription-quantitative Pcr (21). although some dissimilarity exists in the nucleotide sequences between ceP4 and Borg4, chromosomal localization supports the idea that ceP4 is an ortholog of mouse Borg4 (21). Thus, it is hypothesized that ceP4 is also widely expressed throughout these tissues.…”

“…cdc42, one of the most investigated members of the rho family, has been found to act as a key regulator of neuronal morphology by controlling cytoskeletal reorganization (8). ceP4 is a cdc42 effector protein that is distributed in various tissues, including the brain (21). recently, one study found that knockdown of ceP4 resulted in an increase in the number of progenitors in the intermediate zone of the brain in a paired box protein 6-dependent manner (33); however, little is known concerning its role in dendrites in the hippocampus.…”

“…However, the regulatory proteins of cdc42 activity, such as cdc42 effector protein, in regulating neuronal morphology are largely unknown. cdc42 effector protein-4 (ceP4), a binder of rho GTPase-4, is ubiquitously expressed in all adult tissues (20,21). it has been confirmed that Cdc42 binds to CEP4 at its 16-amino acid Cdc42/Rac interaction binding domain by site-specific mutagenesis (20).…”

Phosphorylation of Cdc42 Effector Protein-4 (CEP4) by Protein Kinase C Promotes Motility of Human Breast Cells

“…CEP4, also known as binder of Rho GTPases-4, is one of five related isoforms, CEPs 1-5 (15), and is expressed ubiquitously in all human adult tissues (16). The existence of this family was discovered as the result of a two-hybrid screen with the GTPase TC10 as bait (15).…”