Separation of tetralins from long chain alkylbenzenes by kaolin-precoated capillary columns

Determination of long-chain alkylbenzenes in environmental samples by argentation thin-layer chromatography/high-resolution gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

“…The alkylation step produces a mixture of all the possible secondary phenylalkanes (26 isomers for C10-14 side chains) and minor amounts of various cyclic compounds (3)(4)(5). Sulfonation of the benzene ring is driven as near to completion as possible; nevertheless, some residual unsulfonated linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) persist and are carried with the sulfonated alkylbenzenes into detergents.…”

“…Of the numerous chemical species that are generally present in coal-derived products, the nitrogencontaining polycyclic aromatic compounds (N-PAC) have been found to be responsible for a large portion of the microbial mutagenicity of these material (1)(2)(3)(4). Specifically, convincing evidence is now available that specifies the amino polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (amino-PAH) as the principal microbial mutagens in coal liquids (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

The neutral oil in commercial linear alkylbenzenesulfonate and its effect on organic solute solubility in water

“…The amount of the oil-surfactant emulsion below the CMC of LAS may be estimated by relating the observed apparent solubility of DDT to the concentration of emulsion and the concentration of the sulfonated monomers below the CMC as Sw*/Sw = 1 + XmnXmn + XemXem (2) with…”

“…Their use in most industrial applications has been banned since 1979 (1). Because of the strongly hydrophobic nature of PCBs and their very low water solubility, PCBs migrate through soils very slowly; dissolved in water, their rate of migration could be less than a few centimeters per year (2,3). However, these same properties that limit the spread of PCBs also limit the extent of water washing of PCBs from contaminated soil.…”

“…In a recent study, the effectiveness of each of 10 surfactants in washing an oil from a sandy aquifer material was evaluated (6). The surfactants included at least one example from each of four main groups of commercial surfactants: (1) ethoxylated alcohols (nonionic), (2) ethoxylated nonylphenols (nonionic), (3) sulfates (anionic), and (4) sulfonates (anionic). From that study, a group of alcohol ethoxylate surfactants was judged to be promising for the in situ washing of petroleum products from hydrogeologic systems, because among the 10 surfactants studied the ethoxylate surfactants caused minimum dispersion of soil colloids, they showed high solubilization and dispersion of the low water solubility oil, they have low critical micelle concentrations, and they washed more than 80% of the oil from sandy material in batch washing studies.…”