Separation of small organic molecules using covalent organic frameworks-LZU1 as stationary phase by open-tubular capillary electrochromatography

Niu, Xiaoying; Ding, San‐Yuan; Wang, Weifeng; Xu, Yongbin; Xu, Yinyin; Chen, Hongli; Chen, Xingguo

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2016.01.066

Cited by 104 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…And the peaks at 1450 and 1275 cm −1 arise from the C=O stretching and the C–N stretching, respectively. These peaks are corresponded to the standard infrared spectroscopy of COF‐TpPa‐1 . This result indicated that the successful growth of COF‐TpPa‐1 was achieved on the microscope cover glass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Due to large surface area, low density and permanent porosity , COFs have been applied in diverse fields, including gas storage , catalysis , extraction and chromatography and so on. Especially in the field of OT‐CEC, several kinds of COFs have been used as novel stationary phases to improve separation performance, such as COF‐LZU1 and COF‐5 . What is more, COFs have exceptional stability of moisture and water over metal organic frameworks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Covalent organic framework TpPa‐1 as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatographic separation of drugs and food additives

Kong

Chen

2018

Electrophoresis

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Because of unique properties like permanent porosity, low density and large surface area, covalent organic frameworks are attractive microporous materials as stationary phase for CEC. Among them, COF-TpPa-1 possesses extraordinary chemical stability and common features of covalent organic frameworks. So, COF-TpPa-1 could be a promising material as stationary phase to enhance separation selectivity and tolerate the acid or alkaline electrochromatographic separation conditions. Here, we report the preparation of COF-TpPa-1 modified capillary column by in situ growth for electrochromatographic separation. The immobilization of COF-TpPa-1 on the inner wall of capillary column was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The fabricated COF-TpPa-1 modified capillary column indicated good resolution for the separation of neutral analytes, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and food additives in open-tubular CEC mode. Compared with bare capillary column, the COF-TpPa-1 modified capillary column improved separation selectivity remarkably for tested analytes, including hydrophobic, π-π and hydrogen bond interactions. Besides, the prepared capillary column showed excellent repeatability and stability. The intraday, interday and column-to-column relative standard deviations of migration time for neutral analytes were less than 3.54%. This work shows enamine-linked covalent organic frameworks have great potential as stationary phases in CEC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent organic framework TpPa‐1 as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatographic separation of drugs and food additives

Kong

Chen

2018

Electrophoresis

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“…This work indicated that COF‐coated capillary columns have great potential in analytical chemistry. Niu and co‐workers utilized a covalent bonding method to combine COF‐LZU‐1 and a capillary for CEC separation. Baseline separation of alkylbenzenes, PAHs, and anilines was achieved on the COF‐LZU‐1 capillary column within 16 min.…”

Section: Application Of Cofs For Sample Preparation and Chromatographmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in metal‐organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks for sample preparation and chromatographic analysis

Wang

2017

Electrophoresis

107

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In the field of analytical chemistry, sample preparation and chromatographic separation are two core procedures. The means by which to improve the sensitivity, selectivity and detection limit of a method have become a topic of great interest. Recently, porous organic frameworks, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have been widely used in this research area because of their special features, and different methods have been developed. This review summarizes the applications of MOFs and COFs in sample preparation and chromatographic stationary phases. The MOF- or COF-based solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) methods are described. The excellent properties of MOFs and COFs have resulted in intense interest in exploring their performance and mechanisms for sample preparation and chromatographic separation.

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“…Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as an exciting new type of porous organic material are connected through covalent bonds between light elements (H, B, C, N, and O) in the molecular building units COFs, 1–4 which possess lots of unique properties such as low density, high thermal stability, solvent stability, permanent porosity, and large specific surface area, 5–7 because superior characteristics of COFs obtain widespread application in diverse fields such as gas storage, 8–10 photoconduction, 11–13 catalysis, 14–16 and chromatographic separation 4,17 . Especially as chromatographic stationary phase, small organic molecules, amino acids, and nonsteroidal drugs have been separated and detected using COF‐5 18 or COF‐LZU1 19,20 . Meanwhile, the introduction of chiral recognition sites in COFs to combine with their three‐dimensional structure for the separation of chiral enantiomers has been achieved by chiral CTpPa‐1 COF, 21 but a few cases were reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

β‐Cyclodextrin‐modified covalent organic framework as chiral stationary phase for the separation of amino acids and β‐blockers by capillary electrochromatography

Lin

Qin

et al. 2020

Chirality

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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as a novel stationary phase have attracted much attention in the field of chromatography owing to their permanent nanoscale porosity, higher surface area, and exceptional stabilities. Here, a novel isocyanate‐β‐cyclodextrin‐modified COF (MDI‐β‐CD‐modified COF) was synthesized using isocyanate‐β‐cyclodextrin as the chiral selector and imine‐based TpPa‐1 COF as the matrix by a bottom‐up strategy. The reaction condition and the structure of MDI‐β‐CD‐modified COF were optimized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra, nitrogen adsorption/desorption (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller [BET]), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). And then the coated open‐tubular column (OT column) was prepared using MDI‐β‐CD‐modified COF as chiral stationary phase (CSP) by in situ growth approach, which exhibited excellent stability and repeatability. For seven consecutive runs, the intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were in range from 0.35% to 2.21% for the migration time of histidine. The column‐to‐column reproducibility ranged from 2.39% to 3.08%. Meanwhile, the separation of eight compounds including four amino acids and four β‐blockers by capillary electrochromatography sufficiently verified the favorable chiral resolution properties of the MDI‐β‐CD‐modified COF‐coated OT column. This strategy of fabricating MDI‐β‐CD‐modified COF‐coated OT column expanded the application of imine‐based COFs in chromatographic analytical fields.

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Separation of small organic molecules using covalent organic frameworks-LZU1 as stationary phase by open-tubular capillary electrochromatography

Cited by 104 publications

References 45 publications

Covalent organic framework TpPa‐1 as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatographic separation of drugs and food additives

Covalent organic framework TpPa‐1 as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatographic separation of drugs and food additives

Recent advances in metal‐organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks for sample preparation and chromatographic analysis

β‐Cyclodextrin‐modified covalent organic framework as chiral stationary phase for the separation of amino acids and β‐blockers by capillary electrochromatography

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