Separation of lithium and cobalt from waste lithium-ion batteries via bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled with chelation

Succinic acid-based leaching system: A sustainable process for recovery of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries

“…The continued disposal of spent LIBs without recycling will bring about severe environmental issues on account of their hazardous components, such as metals and electrolyte. Given the need to debase the consumption cost of lithium and cobalt resources and reduce associated environmental problems, effective recycling and recovery processes for lithium and cobalt are required for spent LIBs [10]. A few years after the development of lithium-ion technologies, Contestabile et al [11] published one of the early papers devoted to the description of a multi-step process for the treatment and recovery of spent lithium primary batteries [4].…”

“…Since then, many researchers have applied various methods to the development of recovery processes for spent LIBs batteries [12]. Iizuka et al [10] separated lithium and cobalt from spent LIBs by bipolar membrane electrodialysis coupled with chelation. Li et al [13] recycled lithium and cobalt from used LIBs with natural organic acids as leaching reagents.…”

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries: a novel method to separate coating and foil of electrodes

“…Furthermore, electrochemical processes can be used to regain LiCoO 2 (Ra and Han, 2006) and to separate mixtures of cobalt and lithium ions (Iizuka et al, 2013). Cobalt can as well be regained by solvent extraction (Granata et al, 2012a;Jha et al, 2013).…”

Advances in electrodialysis for water treatment

“…This yields a mixture of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid on the one side and sodium hydroxide on the other. More applications include the production of morpholine (Jiang, Wang, & Xu, 2013); the separation of lithium and cobalt in view of the recycling of waste lithiumeion batteries, in a similar approach as described above for nickel and cobalt (Iizuka, Yamashita, Nagasawa, Yamasaki, & Yanagisawa, 2013); the production of tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide on a pilot scale, with a perspective for full-scale industrial application (Shen, Yu, Huang, & Van der Bruggen, 2013); and the production of L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate, a stable substitute of vitamin C (Song et al, 2012). Similar observations were made for industrial saline water mainly composed of NaCl and KCl, which yielded an acid and a base stream with a concentration of around 2 mol/L (Ghyselbrecht et al, 2013).…”