Advances in electrodialysis for water treatment

Bruggen, Bart Van der

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-121-4.00006-x

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Enrichment of the gel phase with doubly charged counterions led to an increase in the concentration of co-ions in it. Estimations in accordance with Equation (5) showed that the decrease in the concentrations of the external solutions from 0.01 to 0.001 M led to the decrease in the co-ion concentrations in the gel phase by a factor of 100 in the case of NaCl and only by a factor of 25 in the case of KHT. All other conditions being the same, the concentration of co-ions in the gel phase, which was in the form of a doubly charged ion, will be 10 times higher than in the case of singly charged anions.…”

Section: Enrichment Of the Membrane Internal Solution With Multiply Cmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The extraction of valuable components and nutrients from urban and industrial sewage and liquid animal wastes, as well as from wastewater of food and pharmaceutical industries, is one of the main trends in modern membrane technology [1][2][3]. The combination of biochemical and various membrane methods using electrodialysis (ED) for the final selective extraction and concentration of nutrients, in particular, phosphoric acid anions, leads to a significant cost reduction in fertilizer production, as well as to a decrease in sewage toxicity and volumes [1,4,5]. In addition, ED has shown its usefulness in the extraction of polyprotic carboxylic acids, which are the precursors in biodegradable polymer production, from the products of biochemical processing of biomass [6]; in tartrate stabilization of wine [7]; in peptide fractionation [8]; and in the demineralization of solutions containing amino acids, using, among others, phosphate buffers [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

et al. 2019

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The concentration dependencies of diffusion permeability of homogeneous (AMX-Sb and AX) and heterogeneous (MA-41 and FTAM-EDI) anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) is obtained in solutions of ampholytes (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3; monosodium phosphate, NaH2PO4; and potassium hydrogen tartrate, KHT) and a strong electrolyte (sodium chloride, NaCl). It is established that the diffusion permeability of AEMs increases with dilution of the ampholyte solutions, while it decreases in the case of the strong electrolyte solution. The factors causing the unusual form of concentration dependencies of AEMs in the ampholyte solutions are considered: (1) the enrichment of the internal AEM solution with multiply charged counterions and (2) the increase in the pore size of AEMs with dilution of the external solution. The enrichment of the internal solution of AEMs with multiply charged counterions is caused by the Donnan exclusion of protons, which are the products of protolysis reactions. The increase in the pore size is conditioned by the stretching of the elastic polymer matrix due to the penetration of strongly hydrated anions of carbonic, phosphoric, and tartaric acids into the AEMs.

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Section: Enrichment Of the Membrane Internal Solution With Multiply Cmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

et al. 2019

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“…NaCl has been used in the past as the electrodic solution, although this causes the production of active Cl2 [42] in the anodic compartment. For this reason, electrode rinse solutions containing SO4 2-salts are now usually preferred in order to avoid damages to the anode [51].…”

Section: Ed Devices: Cell Pair and Stackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodialysis for water desalination: A critical assessment of recent developments on process fundamentals, models and applications

et al. 2018

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“…In the ED stack, cations migrate through cation-exchange membranes toward the cathode, and negatively charged anions migrate through anion-exchange membranes toward the anode, and consequently they are retained by the anion- and cation-exchange membranes, respectively. Therefore, in the ED process, the concentrated and diluted solutions are produced [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effectiveness of Simultaneous Recovery and Concentration of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid by Electrodialysis with Heterogeneous Ion-Exchange Membranes

Babilas

Kowalik-Klimczak

Dydo

2021

IJMS

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Due to the extensive range of ionic liquids (ILs) used in industry, an efficient recovery method is needed. In this study, the effectiveness of a simultaneous concentration and recovery method was investigated for 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Emim]Cl), an IL that was recovered using electrodialysis (ED). The optimal operational parameters for electrodialytic recovery were determined empirically. The variables that were investigated included the concentration of IL, applied voltage, linear flow velocity and the diluate-to-concentrate volume ratio. The recovery of [Emim]Cl, the concentration degree, the [Emim]Cl flux across membranes, the current efficiency, as well as the energy consumption were determined. The results of the experiments confirmed that [Emim]Cl concentration and recovery can be achieved using ED. The highest ED efficiency was obtained when a 2 V electric potential per one membrane pair was applied, using a 2 cm/s linear flow velocity, and by adjusting to 0.2 M IL in the feed solution. By using ED, a 2.35-fold concentration of [Emim]Cl with a recovery of 90.4% could be achieved when the diluate-to-concentrate volume ratio was 2. On the other hand, a 3.35-fold concentration of [Emim]Cl with a recovery of 81.7% could be obtained when the diluate-to-concentrate volume ratio was increased to 5.

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Advances in electrodialysis for water treatment

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

Concentration Dependencies of Diffusion Permeability of Anion-Exchange Membranes in Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate, Monosodium Phosphate, and Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate Solutions

Electrodialysis for water desalination: A critical assessment of recent developments on process fundamentals, models and applications

Study on the Effectiveness of Simultaneous Recovery and Concentration of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Ionic Liquid by Electrodialysis with Heterogeneous Ion-Exchange Membranes

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