Separation of lignin oxidation products by organic solvent nanofiltration

Werhan, Holger; Farshori, Akbar; Rohr, Philipp Rudolf von

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2012.08.037

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As the analytical challenges here are in fact similar to those faced in the characterisation of the crude oil bitumen fraction, [364,365] analytical protocols used in this field may aid the analysis of lignin products in some instances. [277,[366][367][368][369] Some insight into the chemical reactivity and mechanisms underlying lignin depolymerisation may be gained from evaluation of the "carbon balance" of the transformation. In this context, determination of the elemental composition of residual fractions (not simply the volatile fraction) in addition to the liquid products is mandatory.Elemental analysis is also widely employed for the characterisation of the liquid product, with (atomic) C/H and C/O indices offering valuable information on oxygen content (reduction of oxygen content is ac ommon target in the catalytic upgrading of lignin), hydrogen consumption, and heating value.Agraphical representation of changes in C/H and C/O values in a Va nKrevelen plot might furthermore provide insight into which reaction types dominate (e.g.d ehydration, reduction, etc.).…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Lignin Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most poorly utilised of the lignocellulosic biopolymers. Effective valorisation of lignin requires careful fine‐tuning of multiple “upstream” (i.e., lignin bioengineering, lignin isolation and “early‐stage catalytic conversion of lignin”) and “downstream” (i.e., lignin depolymerisation and upgrading) process stages, demanding input and understanding from a broad array of scientific disciplines. This review provides a “beginning‐to‐end” analysis of the recent advances reported in lignin valorisation. Particular emphasis is placed on the improved understanding of lignin's biosynthesis and structure, differences in structure and chemical bonding between native and technical lignins, emerging catalytic valorisation strategies, and the relationships between lignin structure and catalyst performance.

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Section: Characterisation Of the Lignin Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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“…Unsurprisingly,m embranes have been applied to fractionation and purification of conventional lignin streamsa sw ell as lignin product mixtures through ultrafiltrationa nd nanofiltration. In fact, the membrane filtrationo fl ow-MWp roducts from Kraft lignin after oxidative treatment, [25][26][27][28] Organosolv lignin liquor, [29] Organosolv lignin after ozonolysis, [30] Organosolv lignin products obtained by the analytical DFRC method (i.e., the derivatization of lignocellulose with acetyl bromide leading to cell-wall solubilizationf ollowedb yt he reductive cleavage of resulting b-bromo ethers employing stoichiometric quantities of zinc in acetic acid), [31] and liquors obtainedt hougha lkaline oxidation of lignocellulosic biomass [32] have been reported. In industrial practice, the company Domsjç developed am embrane filtrationp rocess for fractionationo fl ignosulfonates by MW ranges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Fractionation of Liquors from Lignin‐First Biorefining

et al. 2019

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For the utilization of each lignin fraction in the lignin liquors, the development of separation strategies to fractionate the lignin streams by molecular weight ranges constitutes a timely challenge to be tackled. Herein, membrane filtration was applied to the refining of lignin streams obtained from a lignin‐first biorefining process based on H‐transfer reactions catalyzed by Raney Ni, by using 2‐PrOH as a part of the lignin extraction liquor and as an H‐donor. A two‐stage membrane cascade was considered to separate and concentrate the monophenol‐rich fraction from the liquor. Building on the results, an economic evaluation of the potential of membrane filtration for the refining of lignin streams was undertaken. In this proof‐of‐concept report, a detailed analysis is presented of future developments in the performance required for the utilization of membrane filtration for lignin refining and, more aspiringly, solvent reclamation.

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“…Allerdings erfordert die Fraktion mit mittlerem Molekulargewicht mehr Aufmerksamkeit. Da die analytischen Herausforderungen hierbei ähnlich sind wie bei der Charakterisierung der aus Rohöl gewonnenen Bitumenfraktion, können auf diesem Gebiet angewendete Analyseverfahren in manchen Fällen die Analyse von Ligninprodukten unterstützen …”

Section: Nachgeschaltete Katalytische Behandlung Von Isoliertem Ligninunclassified

Wege zur Verwertung von Lignin: Fortschritte in der Biotechnik, der Bioraffination und der Katalyse

Rinaldi¹,

et al. 2016

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Lignin ist ein reichlich vorhandenes Biopolymer mit hohem Kohlenstoffgehalt und hoher Aromatizität. Trotz seines Potenzials als Rohstoff für die Kraftstoffherstellung und die chemische Industrie ist Lignin noch immer das am wenigsten genutzte Biopolymer der Lignocellulose. Zur effektiven Aufwertung von Lignin ist eine sorgfältige Feinabstimmung mehrerer vorgeschalteter Prozessstufen (d. h. Biotechnik von Lignin, Abtrennung von Lignin und katalytische Umwandlung von Lignin in der Anfangsphase) und mehrerer nachgeschalteter Prozessstufen (d. h. Depolymerisation und Verwertung von Lignin) erforderlich, die den Einsatz und das Zusammenwirken eines breiten Spektrums wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen erfordert. Dieser Aufsatz liefert eine Analyse der neuesten Fortschritte bei der Verwertung von Lignin “vom Anfang bis zum Ende”. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf dem verbesserten Verständnis der Biosynthese und Struktur von Lignin, den Unterschieden in Struktur und chemischer Bindung zwischen nativen und technischen Ligninen, den neu aufkommenden Verfahren der katalytischen Verwertung und den Zusammenhängen zwischen Ligninstruktur und Katalysatorleistung.

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Separation of lignin oxidation products by organic solvent nanofiltration

Cited by 49 publications

References 23 publications

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Membrane Fractionation of Liquors from Lignin‐First Biorefining

Wege zur Verwertung von Lignin: Fortschritte in der Biotechnik, der Bioraffination und der Katalyse

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