Separation and Properties of a Red Cell Sensitizing Substance from Streptococci

Moskowitz, Merwin

doi:10.1128/jb.91.6.2200-2204.1966

Cited by 80 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…), and washed three times in distilled water . LTA was extracted by the method of Moskowitz (14) with minor modifications . 5 g (wet-packed weight) of washed streptococci were resuspended in 50 ml of 0.2 N HCl and heated in a boiling (95°C) water bath for 10 min .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell membrane-binding properties of group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid.

Ofek¹,

Beachey²,

Jefferson³

et al. 1975

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

217

152

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The teichoic acids (TA) 1 of group A streptococci and other gram-positive bacteria are known to adsorb spontaneously to red blood cells (RBC) and a variety of other mammalian cells (1, 2). Such affinity of TA for cell membranes has been of special interest because (a) infections of TA can produce experimental nephritis (3) or arthritis (4) in laboratory animals by binding to tissue membranes and provoking local immunotoxic reactions; (b) it has been postulated (2) that TA may serve as a carrier of other streptococcal antigens and bind them to specific organ tissues where they could produce immunopathological lesions ; and (c) small amounts of TA may reside on the surface of virulent streptococci and, thereby, mediate their adherence to mucosal surfaces (5) . The component(s) responsible for TA binding to cell membranes, however, have not been clarified .The chemical composition and cell membrane affinity of streptococcal TA vary according to the method of extraction and purification . Matsuno and Slade (6) extracted TA with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) . This extract contained polyglycerolphosphate (PGP) and small amounts of alanine, hexoses, and hexosamines but was not able to sensitize RBC (7) . Jackson and Moskowitz (8) extracted TA with phenol . This extract contained PGP with relatively large amounts of ester-linked alanine, but no hexoses or hexosamines . In addition to alanine, Miller and Jackson (9) in preliminary studies observed the presence of small amounts of lipids in such TA preparations . Unlike the TCA extract, however, the phenol extract of TA was able to sensitize RBC spontaneously (8) .Similar observations were reported by Wicken, Knox, and Hewett (10-12) using Lactobacillus fermenti TA obtained by TCA and phenol extractions. Chorpenning and Stamper (13) reported that purified Bacillus subtilis TA obtained by phenol extraction was devoid of alanine and was capable of sensitizing RBC . In view of these studies, it was of interest to define more precisely the moieties of group A streptococcal TA involved in affinity for cell membranes in order to elucidate its possible role in pathogenesis of streptococcal diseases .The results of the present investigation indicate that small amounts of fatty acid moieties that are ester-linked to PGP play a major role in the affinity of streptococcal TA for mammalian cell membranes . Moreover, we present evidence to suggest that a portion of these moieties of TA are exposed on the surface * These studies were conducted

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell membrane-binding properties of group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid.

Ofek¹,

Beachey²,

Jefferson³

et al. 1975

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

217

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cells were eelletted by centrifugation (I0 000 X g, 15 min), washed three times with water and lyophilized. Cellular antigens were prepared by phenol-water extraction according to the procedure of Moskowitz [13 ]. Whole cell lysate with mutanolysin [14] was also employed as a cellular antigen.…”

Section: Cultural Condition and Preparation Of Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of lipoteichoic acids and other amphipathic antigens in oral streptococci

Hamada

1980

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…The amphipathic antigen of E. nodatum lost its binding ability for SRBC membrane on deacylation. The hydrophobic lipid portion of this amphipathic antigen appears to be essential for the eukaryotic cell binding, such as the LTA of group A streptococci [1,7].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amphipathic antigen was extracted with phenol water from lyophilised whole cells according to the method of Moskowitz [7].…”

Section: Preparation Of the Amphipathic Antigenmentioning

confidence: 99%