Separation and electrodeposition of226Ra

Flores-Mendoza, J.; Iturbe, J.L.; Jiménez‐Reyes, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02039933

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The known chemical procedures for the determination of 226 Ra in different matrixes are usually time-consuming processes. They are based on many chemical steps, which become tedious and difficult to apply routinely, so many radiochemists prefer the analysis of radon and/or radon daughters to evaluate the radioactivity of natural samples. − Radon activity, however, is seldom related to the presence of radium, and radium analysis becomes imperative for those matrixes involved in nutrition, especially the infant diet. Two methods, , published recently, are based on the direct measurement of 226 Ra activity after isolation by a simple chemical procedure, such as electrodeposition or solvent extraction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedure for Analysis of Radium in Freshwaters by Adsorption on Basic Lead Rhodizonate

1998

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Radium analysis is carried out by batch adsorption from natural waters on basic lead rhodizonate supported on charcoal, LERHO, starting from 2-L samples. 133Ba is added to allow the measurement of the overall chemical yield by gamma counting. Radium is recovered with a few milliliters of 1.5 M HCl, and lead is removed by a chromatographic column filled with Dowex 2 x 8. Finally 50 micrograms of barium carrier is added, and the radium is coprecipitated as sulfate on a preformed bed of barium sulfate, to prepare a sample suitable for alpha and gamma counting. The detection limit of the proposed method is 0.002 Bq/L 226Ra. This value is far beyond the radium activity admissible for drinking waters. Due to lack of appropriate samples, the procedure was tested using mineral waters spiked with 226Ra and two commercially available mineral waters with very low radium contents.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedure for Analysis of Radium in Freshwaters by Adsorption on Basic Lead Rhodizonate

1998

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“…The procedure did however include several other steps with the use of strong acids and extraction chromatography resin DGA (Eichrom) [266]. Cation exchange resins DOWEX 50W-X8, AG50W-X8 and Merk I have in another study been used for the sorption of calcium (II), barium(II) and radium(II) with desorption by the aid of tartrate, EDTA and citrate, but the pH (>8) was high for desorption of radium(II) and no separation of thorium(II) from radium(II) was studied [267].…”

Section: Selected Methods For Column Separation and Purification Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of separation technology for the removal of radium-223 from decayed thorium-227 in drug formulations. Material screening and method development

Frenvik

Kristensen

Ryan

2015

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

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Targeted thorium conjugates are currently being investigated as a new class of alpha-radiopharmaceuticals. The natural decay of thorium-227 ((227)Th) results in the ingrowth of radium-223 ((223)Ra). Consideration must, therefore, be given to define acceptable limits of (223)Ra in the drug product at the time of dose administration. By effective sequestration of (223)Ra, we aim to improve the radiochemical purity and extend the effective user window of drug products containing (227)Th. (223)Ra is the first progeny of (227)Th and the only one with a long half-life (days). We have, therefore, focused on the removal of this specific species since the progenies of (223)Ra will have a very limited lifetime in the formulation once (223)Ra is removed. In this study, we investigated a multitude of materials for their ability to reduce the (223)Ra level by: (1) passive diffusion or (2) by cartridge filtration on gravity columns. In addition, we probe the compatibility of these materials in the presence of antibody trastuzumab to assess the level of protein binding and estimate the quenching of radiolysis by binding of radionuclides. A screening matrix of organic and inorganic materials was established, i.e. strontium and calcium alginate gel beads, distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DSPG) liposomes, ceramic hydroxyapatite, Zeolite UOP type 4A and cation exchange resins AG50W-X8 and SOURCE 30S. First, passive diffusional uptake of (223)Ra by suspended materials present in the formulation was measured as a decrease in sample radioactivity after separation. Second, selected materials were packed on gravity columns in order to evaluate the efficiency of column separation versus diffusional adsorption. The retention of (223)Ra and (227)Th were characterized by measuring the radioactivity in the eluate and on the columns. Finally, the compatibility between trastuzumab, as a selected model antibody, and suspensions of the binding materials was analyzed during storage of the drug product in the presence of adsorbent. The formation of H2O2 was evaluated to measure the influence of radionuclide binding material on radiolysis in the formulation. All the materials bound (223)Ra by passive diffusional uptake ranging from 31% to 95% with DSPG liposomes demonstrating superiority at 95% efficiency. All materials suitable for assessment by gravity column filtration bound (223)Ra almost quantitatively (∼100%) and with minimal variation (relative standard deviation <1%). The uptake was significantly higher compared to passive diffusional uptake. Alginate gel beads, ceramic hydroxyapatite and SOURCE 30S reduced the antibody concentration in solution to 40-50% while the Zeolite UOP type 4A, AG50W-X8 resin and DSPG liposomes showed ≤10% reduction of antibody concentration. Ceramic hydroxyapatite significantly reduced H2O2 formed by radionuclide initiated radiolysis.

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“…However, to satisfy the higher deposition yield than 80%, adjustment of various factors influencing on the yield should be carried out for each radionuclide. For example, in the case of radium, optimum pH of the electrolyte solution for the electrodeposition is very unique [19,106]. Common pH for the electrodeposition is ca.…”

Section: Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited layers as alpha sources for alpha-particle spectrometry

2020

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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In various methods to determine alpha-emitting radionuclides in matrices, alpha-particle spectrometry with alpha-emitting sources prepared by the electrodeposition has been widely used. Although there are several good review papers on alphaparticle spectrometry and preparation of electrodeposited alpha-emitting sources, the mechanism of analysis procedure and characterizations of alpha-emitting sources have not been reported well. These untouched subjects by other review papers are very significant to improve the analysis procedure. This review focuses on the mechanism of the electrodeposition of alpha-emitting radionuclides on the stainless steel disc, factors for the preparation of electrodeposited alpha-emitting layers, and various characterization methods.

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Separation and electrodeposition of226Ra

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Procedure for Analysis of Radium in Freshwaters by Adsorption on Basic Lead Rhodizonate

Procedure for Analysis of Radium in Freshwaters by Adsorption on Basic Lead Rhodizonate

Development of separation technology for the removal of radium-223 from decayed thorium-227 in drug formulations. Material screening and method development

Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited layers as alpha sources for alpha-particle spectrometry

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