Separating closely resembling steroids with ionic liquids in liquid–liquid extraction systems

Vitasari, C.R.; Gramblička, Michal; Gibcus, Kristel; Visser, T.; Geertman, R.M.; Schuur, Boelo

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2015.04.002

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In a recent work, Vitasari et al 340 have successfully separated the similar drugs progesterone and pregnenolone by IL-based liquid–liquid extractions. The number of solvents able to solubilize these two steroids is limited, making ILs excellent candidates for such an application.…”

Section: Pharmaceuticals and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search for suitable systems was performed in three steps: (i) selection of suitable organic solvents by COSMO-RS, (ii) experimental determination of organic solvent-fluorinated IL combinations able to form two liquid phases, and (iii) determination of the IL concentration in the organic solvent phase. 340 The tert -butyl methyl ether-[C 4 C 1 im][BF 4 ] mixture was elected as the ideal system to pursue studies on the partitioning of progesterone and pregnenolone. A selectivity of 2.1 was reached, and the purification of progesterone was successfully conducted by simulating a countercurrent extraction process.…”

Section: Pharmaceuticals and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A selectivity of 2.1 was reached, and the purification of progesterone was successfully conducted by simulating a countercurrent extraction process. 340 …”

Section: Pharmaceuticals and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic-Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Separation Processes for Bioactive Compounds: Past, Present, and Future Trends

et al. 2017

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Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as promising media for the extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from the most diverse origins. This critical review offers a compilation on the main results achieved by the use of ionic-liquid-based processes in the extraction and separation/purification of a large range of bioactive compounds (including small organic extractable compounds from biomass, lipids, and other hydrophobic compounds, proteins, amino acids, nucleic acids, and pharmaceuticals). ILs have been studied as solvents, cosolvents, cosurfactants, electrolytes, and adjuvants, as well as used in the creation of IL-supported materials for separation purposes. The IL-based processes hitherto reported, such as IL-based solid–liquid extractions, IL-based liquid–liquid extractions, IL-modified materials, and IL-based crystallization approaches, are here reviewed and compared in terms of extraction and separation performance. The key accomplishments and future challenges to the field are discussed, with particular emphasis on the major lacunas found within the IL community dedicated to separation processes and by suggesting some steps to overcome the current limitations.

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Section: Pharmaceuticals and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmaceuticals and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic-Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Separation Processes for Bioactive Compounds: Past, Present, and Future Trends

et al. 2017

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“…Replacing conventional organic solvents with ILs would prevent the emission of volatile organic compounds, which is a significant source of environmental pollution . Literature reports have demonstrated the use of ILs to extract natural compounds − or as potential pharmaceutical solvents, , illustrating that ILs could be employed as an alternative to conventional organic solvents for the extraction of bioactive compounds from various plant materials . However, studies on the solubility data of natural compounds in ILs have rarely been reported to date. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Correlation of the Solubility of Theobromine and Theophylline in Seven Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids at Various Temperatures

et al. 2020

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The solubility of theobromine and theophylline in seven pure imidazolium-based ionic liquids, including 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C 4 mim]BF 4 ), 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C 4 mim]PF 6 ), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([C 4 mim]NO 3 ), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C 6 mim]BF 4 ), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C 6 mim]PF 6 ), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([C 6 mim]NO 3 ), and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C 8 mim]BF 4 ), were measured via a static method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography between T = 303.15−353.15 K at atmospheric pressure. The solubility of theobromine and theophylline in the selected ionic liquids increased as the temperature increased. Both cations and anions in the ionic liquids affected the solubility, but anions had a more pronounced effect than the cations with a trend of NO 3 − > BF 4 − > PF 6 − . The simplified dual-parameter equation, the Apelblat empirical equation, and the λh equation were used to correlate the experimentally determined solubility of theobromine and theophylline in the investigated ionic liquids and exhibited good agreement.

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“…It is worth mentioning that the step of preconcentration of the analyte is extremely important especially when less sensitive detection methods are applied. For this purpose, various sample preparation approaches based on liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) , SPE , and solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) were used by the analysts. Each of these techniques has its own advantages but also disadvantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of various approaches to the isolation of steroid hormones from urine samples prior to FASS‐MEKC analysis

et al. 2017

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The goal of this study was to assess various analytical approaches for the simultaneous and efficient extraction of steroid hormones (cortisone, cortisol, prednisolone, corticosterone, testosterone, 17α-methyltestosterone, epitestosterone, progesterone) from urine samples prior to separation based on field-amplified sample stacking MEKC (FASS-MEKC). FASS-MEKC successfully allowed the compounds to be separated within 12 min using a BGE composed of 5 mM sodium tetraborate, 150 mM boric acid, 50 mM SDS, and 15% methanol. Therefore, many procedures such as solid-phase microextraction, SPE, and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) were tested and compared using a multivariate tool, namely, cluster analysis. Finally, DLLME-FASS-MEKC was validated and proved a good linearity of calibration curves (R above 0.9948) in a concentration range from 50 to 1000 ng/mL for all analytes. The LOD was established at 15 ng/mL, whereas the LOQ was 50 ng/mL. The intra- and interday precision, expressed as RSD%, did not exceed 9.97%. The DLLME-FASS-MEKC method was successfully applied to the analysis of urine samples from healthy volunteers and sportsmen. This methodology could prove to be useful in clinical studies and/or doping control depending on the steroid concentrations required in biomedical applications.

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Separating closely resembling steroids with ionic liquids in liquid–liquid extraction systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Ionic-Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Separation Processes for Bioactive Compounds: Past, Present, and Future Trends

Ionic-Liquid-Mediated Extraction and Separation Processes for Bioactive Compounds: Past, Present, and Future Trends

Measurement and Correlation of the Solubility of Theobromine and Theophylline in Seven Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids at Various Temperatures

Evaluation of various approaches to the isolation of steroid hormones from urine samples prior to FASS‐MEKC analysis

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