SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program report: latin american and brazilian results for 1997 through 2001

Abstract

The alarming emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance among common bacteria threatens the effectiveness of therapy for many infections. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is essential to identify the major problems and guide adequate control measures. Several resistance surveillance programs have been implemented in North America and Europe in the last decade; however, very few programs have assessed antimicrobial resistance in Latin American countries. The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program was initiated in 1997 and represents the most comprehensive surveillance program in place at the present time worldwide. The SENTRY Program collects consecutive isolates from clinically documented infections in more than 80 medical centers worldwide (10 in Latin America). The isolates are collected according to the type of infection (objectives) and susceptibility tested in a central microbiology laboratory by reference broth microdilution methods according to NCCLS guidelines. The Program also incorporated molecular typing (ribotyping and PFGE) and resistance mechanism analysis of selected isolates. In this report we present a very broad analysis of the data generated by testing almost 20,000 bacterial isolates against more than 30 antimicrobial agents. The susceptibility results (MIC(50), MIC(90) and % susceptible) are presented in 11 tables according to the organism and site of infection. The data from Brazil, as well as the data from isolates collected in 2001, are analyzed separately. This report allows the evaluation of the activities numerous antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates collected in Latin American countries.

Trends in antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of enterococci in a Brazilian tertiary hospital: a 4-year study

“…Regarding tetracycline, although the enterococci resistance rate decreased over time, it remained high in 2009 (57%), but was slightly lower than that reported by the SENTRY Program for Latin America (67.2%) 31 and by other Brazilian studies performed with clinical enterococci strains isolated in 1996 and 1997 (62%) 32 and in 2006 and 2007 (66.5%) 8 . Likewise, the resistance rates to erythromycin were very high, despite the significant decrease observed (95% to 80.6%), confirming that resistance to this drug is very common among enterococci 1,8,31,33 .…”

“…Likewise, the resistance rates to erythromycin were very high, despite the significant decrease observed (95% to 80.6%), confirming that resistance to this drug is very common among enterococci 1,8,31,33 .…”

“…Regarding quinolones, resistance rates did not change significantly during the study period, whereas the overall resistance rates to ciprofloxacin were slightly higher compared to Latin America (50%) and the USA (58%) 29,31 .…”

Identification and detection of methicillin resistance in Non-Epidermidis coagulase-negative staphylococci

“…Sader et al reported that 80% of SCoN recovered from blood in Latin America were oxacillin resistant [9]. Susceptibility testing by phenotypic methods can be problematic for the detection of methicillin resistance in SCoN because of heterogeneous expression in many strains, affected by growth conditions and by the nature of the beta-lactam agents that are used [10].…”

Surveillance programs for detection and characterization of emergent pathogens and antimicrobial resistance: results from the Division of Infectious Diseases, UNIFESP

“…Several reports of the SENTRY program have been published through more than 10 years of collaboration. In 2004, we reported the in vitro activity of several antimicrobial agents against more than 20,000 clinical isolates collected from different medical centers in Latin America (Sader et al 2004). These data have been used to guide empirical therapy and the local implementation of measures for infection control and prevention.…”