Sensory signals mediating high blood pressure via sympathetic activation: role of adipose afferent reflex

Dalmasso, Carolina; Leachman, Jacqueline; Osborn, Jeffrey L.; Loria, Analia S.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00079.2019

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…8,9 The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM), nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are important central sites that control the sympathetic outflow. 10,11 Among them, the RVLM oblongata region contains neurons that receive inputs from various sources, playing a predominant role in controlling sympathetic vasomotor tone and blood pressure. 12 Zhang et al 13 concluded that PLIN2 knockdown in RVLM could block oxidative/nitrosative stress, alleviate sympathetic overdrive, and suppress SIH progression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA INPP5F ameliorates stress‐induced hypertension via the miR‐335/Cttn axis in rostral ventrolateral medulla

et al. 2023

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Hypertension is a condition wherein the blood vessel has persistently elevated pressure (defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg). It greatly increases the risk of many other disorders, such as stroke and heart failure. 1,2 The worldwide hypertensive population continues to soar, and more than 1.56 billion adults are expected to have hypertension in 2025. 3 Several factors, such as unhealthy diet, have been linked to hypertension risk. 4 Studies have suggested that chronic exposure to stressors, such as job strain, could

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA INPP5F ameliorates stress‐induced hypertension via the miR‐335/Cttn axis in rostral ventrolateral medulla

et al. 2023

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“…193 These alterations in BP regulation are thought to be mediated via signaling within the paraventricular nucleus. 195,196 For more information related to these mechanisms, we direct the reader to recent a review on the adipose afferent reflex 197 in obesityrelated hypertension.…”

Section: Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The damaging duo: Obesity and excess dietary salt contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Watso,

Fancher,

Gomez

et al. 2023

Obesity Reviews

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Summary Hypertension is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among adults worldwide. In this review, we focus on two of the most critical public health challenges that contribute to hypertension—obesity and excess dietary sodium from salt (i.e., sodium chloride). While the independent effects of these factors have been studied extensively, the interplay of obesity and excess salt overconsumption is not well understood. Here, we discuss both the independent and combined effects of excess obesity and dietary salt given their contributions to vascular dysfunction, autonomic cardiovascular dysregulation, kidney dysfunction, and insulin resistance. We discuss the role of ultra‐processed foods—accounting for nearly 60% of energy intake in America—as a major contributor to both obesity and salt overconsumption. We highlight the influence of obesity on elevated blood pressure in the presence of a high‐salt diet (i.e., salt sensitivity). Throughout the review, we highlight critical gaps in knowledge that should be filled to inform us of the prevention, management, treatment, and mitigation strategies for addressing these public health challenges.

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“…The activation of this sympatho-excitatory reflex in PRAT, AAR, can elevate sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure ( 48 , 49 ). The effect of the sympathetic innervation was even greater in hypertensive rat models or following a high fat diet ( 48 , 49 ). Additionally, PRAT through AAR could regulate the sympathetic flow and therefore the cardiovascular system ( 50 ).…”

Section: Perirenal Adipose Tissue Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The afferent nerves in the adipocytes controlling the sympathetic outflow are referred to as an adipose afferent reflex (AAR) that modulates local homeostasis regulating energy balance and lipolysis (45)(46)(47). The activation of this sympatho-excitatory reflex in PRAT, AAR, can elevate sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure (48,49). The effect of the sympathetic innervation was even greater in hypertensive rat models or following a high fat diet (48,49).…”

Section: Perirenal Adipose Tissue Physiology Sympathetic Innervationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perirenal Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Novel Insights Linking Metabolic Dysfunction to Renal Diseases

et al. 2021

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A healthy adipose tissue (AT) is indispensable to human wellbeing. Among other roles, it contributes to energy homeostasis and provides insulation for internal organs. Adipocytes were previously thought to be a passive store of excess calories, however this view evolved to include an endocrine role. Adipose tissue was shown to synthesize and secrete adipokines that are pertinent to glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as inflammation. Importantly, the obesity-induced adipose tissue expansion stimulates a plethora of signals capable of triggering an inflammatory response. These inflammatory manifestations of obese AT have been linked to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes, and proposed to evoke obesity-induced comorbidities including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A growing body of evidence suggests that metabolic disorders, characterized by AT inflammation and accumulation around organs may eventually induce organ dysfunction through a direct local mechanism. Interestingly, perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT), surrounding the kidney, influences renal function and metabolism. In this regard, PRAT emerged as an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is even correlated with CVD. Here, we review the available evidence on the impact of PRAT alteration in different metabolic states on the renal and cardiovascular function. We present a broad overview of novel insights linking cardiovascular derangements and CKD with a focus on metabolic disorders affecting PRAT. We also argue that the confluence among these pathways may open several perspectives for future pharmacological therapies against CKD and CVD possibly by modulating PRAT immunometabolism.

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Sensory signals mediating high blood pressure via sympathetic activation: role of adipose afferent reflex

Cited by 15 publications

References 183 publications

LncRNA INPP5F ameliorates stress‐induced hypertension via the miR‐335/Cttn axis in rostral ventrolateral medulla

LncRNA INPP5F ameliorates stress‐induced hypertension via the miR‐335/Cttn axis in rostral ventrolateral medulla

The damaging duo: Obesity and excess dietary salt contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular disease

Perirenal Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Novel Insights Linking Metabolic Dysfunction to Renal Diseases

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